120 EXPERIMENT STATION RECOED. 



Trinity clay is subject to annual overflow, and for this reason the type is not 

 extensiA-ely used for the production of farm crops. Drainage is also poor over 

 the greater part of the type." 



The author states that probably 350,000 acres of this soil type might profitably 

 be reclaimed by embankment and drainage. 



Circular 44, The Norfolk Sand, of which a total of 2,542,412 acres in 55 areas 

 in 12 different States has been surveyed and mapped. The Norfolk sand is an 

 extensive type of soil occurring along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts from New 

 Jersey to Texas, and " is characterized by a gray or pale-yellow surface sandy 

 soil having a depth of 6 to 8 in. in the majority of cases. This is underlain 

 by a yellow, or slightly reddish-yellow, or, occasionally, orange, sand subsoil, 

 which extends to a depth of 3 ft. or more. ... It is well drained, free from 

 swamps and, in the majority of instances, the character of the soil and the 

 gentle slopes within Its area prevent any serious erosion of the type." Its 

 best use is for the production of extra early market-garden and trucking crops 

 for which it is excellently adapted. Of the staple crops corn and cotton are 

 most universally grown where climatic conditions are favorable. 



Circular 45, The Norfolk Sandy Loam, of which an area of 2,000,850 acres In 

 40 different areas located in 10 States has been surveyed and mapped. " The 

 Norfolk sandy loam is an extensive soil type developed within the lower lying 

 portions of the Atlantic and eastern Gulf Coastal Plains. It lies at varying 

 altitudes from sea level up to 150 or 200 ft. above tide, but the greater part 

 of the type is probably found between altitudes of 50 and 150 ft. . . . The 

 Norfolk sandy loam may be characterized as a fair general farming soil in all 

 of the areas where it occurs, and is particularly well suited to the production 

 of medium upland cotton in the more southern States. It is also a type which 

 may be utilized for the production of the main truck crops of mid-season 

 maturity." 



Circular 46, The Orangeburg Fine Sandy Loam, of which a total of 2,507,840 

 acres in 50 different surveys located in 10 States has been surveyed and 

 mapped. " The Orangeburg fine sandy loam is one of the most extensively 

 developed of the Coastal Plain soils. It is found chiefly in the Gulf Coast 

 region, although scattered areas exist in the Middle Atlantic States. . . . 

 Erosion is the greatest menace, and all of the steeper slopes should be carefully 

 tended to prevent an almost imperceptible wash of the finer grained material 

 to lower levels." The soil is stated to be particularly adapted to upland cotton 

 and the Cuban cigar-filler tobacco. " It is the best Coastal Plain soil for the 

 production of peaches, particularly the Elberta," and a fair average corn and 

 oat soil. 



The selection of land for general farming' in the Gulf coast region east 

 of the Mississippi River, W. E. Thaep (U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. 8oils Circ. 

 J/S, pp. 11). — This circular is intended to give information to immigrants on the 

 local variations in soil types, drainage, clearing new land, organic matter 

 content, and the use of fertilizers for general farming purposes in the region 

 referred to. 



The drift soils of Norfolk, L. F. Newman (Rpt. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 

 1910, p. 586). — The drift soils are stated to cover almost completely the central 

 and eastern parts of Norfolk and are classified by the Geological Survey Depart- 

 ment as boulder clay, sands and gravel, and loam and brick earth. " The 

 soils of each, especially the boulder clay, vary very much in character and are 

 extremely complicated, and small local differences occur even in soils resulting 

 from the same type of drift. The sand and gravel soils are very apt to be 

 cemented together by iron, forming a solid sheet of rock out of reach of the 

 plow. This holds the water up, and peaty patches may occur completely alter- 



