178 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD, 



Leucocytes, according to these findings, can not be considered a great factor 

 for rendering tliis toxin innocuous in acquired and natural immunity. 



Valuation of tetanus serum by the mixing and curative tests, J. Rosen- 

 berg (Ztschr. Immunitdtsf. u. Expt. Ther., I, Orig., 8 {1910), No. 3, pp. 

 379-396). — The author believes the simplest method for the valuation of 

 tetanus serum to be. for the present at least, the mixing test. 



The relative importance of human and bovine tubercle bacilli to infec- 

 tion in man, A. Calmette (BuL Inst. Pasteur, 9 {1911), No. 3, pp. 91-103). — 

 This is a retrospect of the more important work done in this regard. 



The question of tuberculosis infection of man by the bovine type of 

 bacillus (perlsucht), B. Mollers {Deut. Med. Wchnschr., 36 {1910), No. 5, 

 pp. 204-207; abs. in Hyg. Rundschau, 20 {1910), No. 21, pp. 1171, 1172).— This 

 is a critical discussion in regard to the present status of this problem. 



A histological study of the lesions produced experimentally with homo- 

 genous cultures of Koch's tubercle bacillus in mammals, birds, and cold- 

 blooded vertebrates, F. Arloing and P. Stazzi {Gompt. Rend. Sac. Biol. 

 \ Paris], 68 (1910), No. 17, jrp. 813-815; abs. in Intemnt. Centbl. Gesam. Tuher- 

 Iculose Forsch., 5 {1910), No. 2, pp. 68, 69).— A detailed description of the 

 micro-anatomical changes produced by the tubercle bacillus in the above-named 

 animals. 



Avian tuberculosis and its relation to tuberculosis in mammals, S. Arloing 

 {Rev. Tuberculose, 2. ser., 7 {1910), No. 4, pp. 257-283, figs, h; abs. in Ztschr. 

 Tuberktilosc, 17 {1911), No. 3, pp. 301, 302).— Tuberculosis in fowls and other 

 birds, according to the author, can not be considered an entirely different dis- 

 ease from the form which occurs in mammals. The causative organism is 

 simply an atypical form of the Koch tubercle bacillus, and while it possesses 

 some of the characters which are common to that bacillus, it has some which 

 are inconstant and unusual. Like the human and bovine type it has undergone 

 changes and can infect the mammalia, and vice versa the human and bovine 

 types will affect birds. In view of this fact, the author points out the necessity 

 of employing precautionary measures. 



In regard to the frequency of tuberculosis in calves and adult bovines, 

 H. Markus {Tidjschr. Veeartscnijk., 37 {1910), No. 12, pp. 386-392; abs. in 

 Ann. Med. Vet., 60 {1911), No. 1, pp. 28-30). — The figures given were obtained 

 in an abattoir in Groningen, Holland, and are said to about represent the 

 average findings. They are as follows : Adult bovines, 13.34 per cent ; fat 

 calves, 0.33 per cent ; pastured calves, 3.63 per cent ; calves, not very young, 

 0.10 per cent ; pigs, 11.86 per cent ; horses, 0.44 per cent ; sheep and goats, 

 per cent. 



The results show that the greatest percentage of tuberculosis exists in adult 

 bovines and pigs. 



The predisposing causes of tuberculosis in bovines, C. Guerin {Rev. Hyg. 

 et Pol. Sanit., 32 {1910), No. 10, pj). 1015-1029).— A discussion in regard to 

 the prevalence of tuberculosis in bovines of various breeds, with particular 

 reference to the color of these animals. 



What is the common method of infection in tuberculosis? J. M'Fadyean 

 {Jour. Compar. Path, and Ther., 23 {1910), Nos. 3, pp. 239-250; 4, pp. 289- 

 803). — "The inhalation of tubercle bacilli suspended in the atmosphere is a 

 very certain method of infection in susceptible animals even when small doses 

 of bacilli are employed. Experimental infection with tubercle bacilli by way 

 of the alimentary canal is comparatively difiicult to realize even in highly sus- 

 ceptible animals, and success is certain only when very large doses of bacilli 

 are administered. With few exceptions, in animals experimentally infected 

 with tuberculosis by way of the intestine the primary lesions are intra-abdomi- 



