VETERINARY MEDICINE. 183 



" The greatei" part of the mortality, however, appears to be occasioned by a 

 combination of factors. A disturbance to the animal's economy is occasioned 

 by tlie considerable dose of bacterial protein in the sediment, quite apart from 

 the capacity of such bacteria to survive in the tissues. This may so lower the 

 resistance of the animal that it succumbs either to an aggravation of an exist- 

 ing but hitherto indolent infection — e. g., pseudo-tubercle — or to the invasion 

 of the organism by bacilli present in its intestine. 



" No evidence was obtained of the presence in the milk of bacilli causing 

 common diseases in man, such as typhoid fever, diphtheria, dysentery, or 

 * food poisoning.' " 



Eradication of cattle ticks in Alabama, James Wilson ( U. 8. Senate, 62. 

 Cong., 1. Sess., Doc. //7, 1911, pp. 5). — A detailed statement of the tick eradica- 

 tion work in Alabama, transmitted in response to a Senate resolution of May 

 11, 1911. 



Onchocerca ^ibsoni: The cause of worm nodules in Australian cattle, 

 J. A. GiLRUTH and Georgina Sweet {Sydnon: Govt., 1911, pp. Vlll+SJf, pis. 

 11). — This is the report of a study of the distribution, situation, structure, 

 pathological effects, and, to some extent, the life history of tlie parasite O. 

 gibsoni, the cause of what is known by such terms as " worm nodules," " worm 

 nests," " kernels," etc., within the briskets and thighs of cattle in certain parts 

 of Australia. 



In regard to operating on teat strictures, Kregenow {Berlin. Tierclrztl. 

 Wchnschr., 26 {1910), No. 48, p. 939).— The author operated on 40 cases of 

 stricture of the teat, utilizing the classical dilation method in conjunction with 

 cutting by Steffen's stricture knife. All operations were successful, with the 

 exception of 2 which went over to mastitis. 



A new intestinal astringent and disinfectant (Tanargentan) for treating 

 scours in calves, M. Mandelbaum {Berlin. Ticrarztl. Wchnfichr., 26 {1910), 

 A'o. .'I'h PP- S-io, 8^6). — The results of the treatment, with this preparation, of 

 nearly 1,000 calves affected with scours were satisfactory. 



Actively immunizing the goat against Malta fever, H. Vincent and Col- 

 LiGNON {Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. [Paris], 69 {1910), No. 34, PP. 468-470; abs. 

 in Rev. Vet. [Toulouse], 36 {1911), No. 2, pp. 101, 102). — For immunizing the 

 goat against Malta fever the author injected emulsions of gelatin cultures of 

 Micrococcus melitensis in physiological salt solution subcutaueously and in- 

 travenously. After a while the 2 groups of animals each received intravenous 

 injections of 4 cc. of virulent cultures of M. melitensis. 



The first group (subcutaneous) showed no abnormal symptoms after 6 

 months, and at the time of writing were in perfect health, with the exception 

 that their serum possessed a strong agglutinating power. The other lot were 

 febrile, had diarrhea and a lack of appetite, and were a little thinner. A 

 triple subcutaneous injection of the culture seemed to be the most eflBcacious 

 method of immunizing them. 



New findings with hog cholera, Gildemeister {Dent. Mil. Arztl. Ztschr., 

 39 {1910), No. 24, Vereinsheilage, p. 2t ; ahs. in Ztschr. Immunitdtsf. n. Expt. 

 Thcr., II, Ref., 3 {1910), No. 10, p. 955).— It was always possible to dietect 

 cellular inclosures in the epithelial cells of the conjunctivas of pigs suffering 

 from hog cholera and which simulated trachoma. Among the 60 animals which 

 were examined, one which was apparently clinically sound and had no indica- 

 tions of irritation in the conjunctiva also showed these cellular defects. Fur- 

 thermore, these trachoma-like bodies were found in from 6 to 16 shoats which 

 came from questionable stalls. 



Although these formations are present in almost all cases of hog cholera, the 

 author was not prepared to declare their significance. 



