VETEEINAEY MEDICINE. 185 



The influence of a mixed and secondary infection upon Bacillus erysipe- 

 latis and hog erysipelas immunity, H. Falk (Ccntdl. Balct. [etc.], 1. AM., 

 Orig.. 55 {1910). No. 6, pp. J,6.'f-487 ; abs. in Centbl. Balct. Veto.], 1. Alt., Ref., 

 1/9 {1911). No. 5, p. 138). — ^As with other organisms, B, erysipelatis suis after 

 cultivating for a long time in culture media loses its virulence. By cultivating 

 the hog erysipelas bacillus, B. coli, B. paratyphosus, B. suipestifer, and B. 

 suisepticus in bouillon the author was able to note that an increase in viru- 

 lence was obtained. Animals injected with the symbiotic cultures succumbed 

 much more rapidly than those injected with cultures which had been cultivated 

 separately and injected simultaneously. Mice which were immunized passively 

 with hog erysipelas serum were able to stand infection with B. erysipelatis suis 

 better than mice which were infected with mixed cultures. Rabbits immimized 

 with increasing amounts of the hog erysipelas bacillus gave an immune serum 

 of higher potency than those immunized with symbiotic cultures. 



The results in reg'ard to vaccination against equine influenza with 

 Lorenz's vaccine, Rugge {Ztsehr. Veterindrlc., 22 {1910), No. 11, p. 510; abs. in 

 Ztschr. Immunitdtsf. u. Expt. Ther., II, Ref., 3 (1910), No. 8, p. 844).— The 

 results with this serum in cases of equine pneumonia were not favorable. 



The merits of Williams' operation for roaring, F. Hobday {Vet. Jour., 67 

 {1911), No. 436, pp. 621-628). — ^A paper read before the American Veterinary 

 Association, August 24, 1911. 



The surgical relief of roaring, W. L. Williams {Vet. Jour., 67 {1911), No. 

 436, pp. 605-621). — A paper read before the American Veterinary Association, 

 August 24, 1911. A bibliography is included. 



An investigation as to the occurrence in Massachusetts of paralysis in 

 the lower animals and fowls, A. W. May {Mo. Bui. Bd. Health Mass., n. sen, 

 6 {1911), No. 6, pp. 178-184). — This is a report of an investigation made under 

 the direction of the state board of health to determine, in a general way, the 

 frequency of paralysis in the lower animals. The investigation extended from 

 October 15 to December 31, 1910, and consisted mainly of interviews with 

 veterinarians, poultry raisers, and dog breeders. The area covered included 

 the whole of Berkshire, Middlesex, and Essex counties and parts of Franklin, 

 Worcester, Norfolk, Suffolk, and Plymouth counties. The 30 cases reported 

 include equines, bovines, pigs, dogs, cats, and chickens. 



A biological study of 11 pathogenic organisms from cholera-like diseases 

 in domestic fowls, P. B. Hadley and Elizabeth E. Amison {Rhode Island 

 Sta. Bui. 146, pp. 43-102). — This is a biological study of 11 cultures of bacteria 

 which were isolated from poultry during an epizootic of a cholera-like disease 

 which occurred in Rhode Island and in the neighboring States. The purpose of 

 the work described in this bulletin, according to the authors, was to establish 

 a secure basis for determining proper prophylactic and therapeutic measures 

 against this disease. 



The results of the investigations show that "genuine fowl cholera (identical 

 with that studied by Pasteur and Toussaint) is endemic in the New England 

 States, and probably through the Middle West. Its prevalence is increasing. 



" There exist, however, other diseases resembling fowl cholera, in which 

 tlie cholera organism is absent. The organisms causing these diseases usually 

 belong in the para-colon, para-typhoid, or influenza group, and are to be sharply 

 distinguished from the genuine fowl cholera organism. Bacterium bipolaris 

 septicus. With one exception, all the organisms derived from cholera-like epi- 

 demics in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Connecticut proved to be identical 

 with B. bipolaris septicus, which is common throughout Europe, and there 

 produces annually great losses to the poultry industry. Ten strains of this 



