ANIMAL PEODUCTION. 269 



other 4 weeks' period of reduction from 0.5 to 0.35 lb., and then anoth-er 7 or 

 S weeks' period of feeding 0.4 lb. Thus the reduction continues till the hog 

 reaches maturity at 2 years of age, when only about 0.2 lb. of digestible crude 

 protein is necessary as a daily allowance per 100 lbs. live weight. . . . 



" Pigs that are to be developed for breeding purposes should have about 13 

 lbs. of total water daily per 100 lbs. live weight when they are 2 months old. 

 This includes the water contained in the feeds used in the ration, as well as 

 the water that is used as water. This quantity of water is gradually reduced 

 so that when the pig is 8 months old it is getting 9 lbs. of water daily per 

 100 lbs. live weight. Following this the amount of water in the ration should 

 remain somewhere between 8 and 10 lbs. daily per 100 lbs. live weight. . . . 



" The amount of carbohydrate fed to pigs tiiat are being developed for breed- 

 ing purposes should -be somewhat lower than is fed to market pigs, so as to 

 prevent them getting too fat. They should get approximately 2.2 lbs. at the 

 beginning, which should be increased to 2.4 lbs. during the third to the sixth 

 month inclusive. Following this it should be decreased so as to keep the 

 pigs in the desired breeding condition." 



The approximate amounts to be given at different ages of a ration consisting 

 of soy beans and skim milk are presented in tabular form. 



The new book of the horse, edited by C. Richaedson (London, New York, 

 and Toronto, 1911, vols. J,, pp. XI-\-316, pis. 17. figs. 138; 2, pp. VII+62S, pis. 

 11, figs. 155). — This is a profusely illustrated work on the history of breeds 

 and breeding of horses in England. There are also chapters on steeplechasing, 

 hunting, horse breeding and breeds on the continent, American horses, and dis- 

 eases of horses, written by different authors. 



Pure-bred horses in the United States, G. M. Rommkl (Jour. U. 8. Cavalry 

 Assoc, 22 (1911), No. 87, pp. 422-^27). — This contains statistics of the number 

 of pure bred animals of each breed of horses registered in the United States, 

 June 30, 1910. There are also data on licensed stallions in a number of States 

 where stallion laws have gone into effect. 



Horse breeding- in Hungary, H. T. Allen (Jour. U. 8. Cavalry Assoc, 22 

 (1911), No. 87, pp. Ji17-Jf21). — The advantages of using thoroughbreds to cross 

 with coarser breeds are illustrated in this account of the encouragement of 

 horse breeding given by the Hungarian government. 



Origin and type of the Ardennais, J. Ashton (Breeder's Gaz., 60 (1911), 

 No. 19, pp. 931. 932, figs. 3). — A discussion of the characteristics of this French 

 breed of horses. 



[Equus hybrids], R. I. Pocock (Proc. Zool. Soc London, 1911, III, Ais. 

 99, p. J{2). — A note on a hybrid between the Somaliland wild donkey (Equus 

 asinus somaliensis) and the mountain zebra (E. scbra), which is believed to 

 be the first cross between these 2 species. The period of gestation was 12 

 months and 3 weeks. The foal showed a greater resemblance to E. asinus than 

 to E. zebra, the body being entirely unhanded except for the spinal and shoulder 

 stripes. The stripes on the legs extended as high as the abdomen and were 

 broader and more numerous than in the sire and narrower and fewer than in 

 the dam. As regards the shoulder stripe, spinal stripe, and the stripe on the 

 base of the ear the foal resembled typical examples of E. asinus, and differed 

 from its actual sire which was without those marks. 



Horses v. oxen for field work in Russia, D. V. Tedorov (Khosialstvo, 6 

 (1911), No. 4, pp. 120-123; abs. in Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome], Bui. Bur. Agr. 

 Intel, and Plant Diseases, 2 (1911), No. 3. pp. 6.'f8, 6^9). — The cost of keeping 

 a horse in southern Russia is said to be from 35 to 40 kopecks (from 17.5 to 

 20 cts.) a day and that of an ox from 15 to IS kopecks. The ox is also less 

 expensive because it can be worked when younger and is less liable to disease. 



