VETERINARY MEDICINE. 289 



The committee recommends studying the following points : " To what extent 

 it is possible for contagion to spread by infective excretions being carried 

 mechanically by attendants and animals other than swine; whether external 

 parasites, such as certain lice, carry the disease from sick to healthy swine; 

 whether pigs which have, to all appearances, recovered from swine fever remain 

 long infective to other swine ; whether apparently healthy pigs which have been 

 exposed to infection are capable of transmitting the disease as carriers; for 

 what ijeriod it would be safe to consider swine, which have recovered from 

 swine fever, to be immune against a further attack ; what use, if any, could be 

 made of artificial methods of immunization to expedite the eradication of swine 

 fever; whether any of the methods, which have lately come into use in con- 

 nection with other diseases, could be employed in the diagnosis of nontypical 

 cases of swine fever." 



Combating hog cholera and swine plague, with, particular reference to 

 protective vaccination, F. Hutyea (Ztschr. Infektionskrank. u. Ilyg. Tlausticre, 

 S (1910). No. 1, pp. 1-14). — Previously noted from another source (E. S. R.., 

 24, p. 284). 



Immunizing against hog cholera, F. Hutyra (Berlin. Tierdrztl, Wchnschr,, 

 21 (1911), No. 17, pp. 305, 306).— Commenting on Uhlenhuth's criticism,** the 

 author reports experiments made with 64 hogs from 5 to 6 months old with an 

 average weight of 23 kg. 



Thirty-two of the animals were divided into 4 groups of 8 each. Each of the 

 groups received an injection of immune serum (a different serum being used 

 for each group) and 2 cc. of hog-cholera virus. Only one of these animals 

 died after a period of 3 months. 



The remaining 32 animals were kept as controls and were treated as follows: 

 Eight received 2 cc. of virus ; 8 more received 8 cc. of normal hog serum and 

 2 cc. of virus; another group of 8 were exposed to natural infection and re- 

 ceived 2 cc. of virus ; while the remaining 8 were not treated at all. The first 

 and second group after 3 months showed a death rate of 75 per cent, the third 

 one of 87.5 per cent, and the fourth one of 50 per cent, giving an average 

 death rate of 71.9 per cent for all the control animals as against 3.1 per cent 

 for all the artificially immunized animals. 



Avoiding hog cholera (Breeder's Gdz., 60 (1911), No. 15, p. 696b).— It is 

 stated that " several isolated outbreaks of cholera in both eastern and western 

 Canada the past season have been traced by the authorities to the feeding of 

 city hotel garbage, which was found to contain raw pork trimmings and spoiled 

 sausage. Most of the outbreaks developing in sections far removed from 

 previously existing disease districts were traced to the feeding of such refuse 

 of miscellaneous origin." 



The prevention of hog cholera (California 8ta. Circ. 68, pp. S). — This is a 

 discussion of the steps to be taken in dealing with hog cholera, especially as 

 related to prevention through the use of anti-hog-cholera serum and by inocula- 

 tion. The loss of hogs in California from this disease is said to have been 

 extensive, having occurred in nearly every hog-raising district of the State. 

 The text of a recent State law appropriating $16,000 for the preparation and 

 distribution of serum vaccine is given. 



A method for determining the germicidal value and penetrating power 

 of liquid disinfectants, A. I. Kendall and M. R. Edwards (Jour. Infect. Dis- 

 eases, 8 (1911), No. 2, pp. 250-251). — "The procedure finally adopted was as 

 follows : 



•Berlin. Tierarztl. Wchnschr., 27 (1911), No. 13, pp. 220-223. 



