ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 347 



Selection (pp. 1-24) ; (2) Adaptations in Animals and Plants, with examples 

 (pp. 25-64) ; (3) Protective Resemblance, with examples (pp. 65-114) ; (4) 

 Mimicry, with examples (pp. 115-133) ; (5) Warning Colors, Terrifying Mark- 

 ings, and other Protective Devices, with examples (pp. 135-164) ; (6) Animal 

 Behavior, with examples (pp. 165-267) ; (7) General Observations and Sketches 

 Afield, with examples (pp. 269-314) ; and (8) Ecologj' — Interpretation of Envi- 

 ronment as Exemplified in the Orthoptera (pp. 315-433). 



The Jola or Deccan grasshopper (Colemania sphenarioides), L. C. Coleman 

 (Dept. Agr. Mysore, Ent. Bill. 2, 1911, pp. 43, pis. 10, figs. 8; ahs. in Agr. Jour. 

 India, 6 {1911), No. k, PP- W-JfU, pl. 1, fig. i).— This bulletin deals with the 

 wingless grasshopper C, sphenarioides, a native of the south of India, which 

 has recently become an important crop pest, especially of cultivated cereals. 



A resum^e of the locust situation, D. B. Mackie {Philippine Agr. Rev. 

 [English Ed.'], 4 {1911), No. 7, pp. SUS-'fS). — This paper records conditions 

 relative to the occurrence of locusts in the Philippine Islands. 



The bacteriology of the cockroach, C. C. Morrell {Brit, Med. Jour., 1911, 

 No. 2658, pp. 1531, 1532). — Experiments conducted with Blatta germanica, here 

 reported, are thought to prove that by contamination with its feces the common 

 cockroach " is able to. and may possibly, play a small part in the dissemina- 

 tion of tuberculosis and in the transmission of pyogenic organisms; that the 

 insect is in all probability an active agent in the souring of milk kept in 

 kitchens and larders ; and that it is undoubtedly a very important factor in the 

 distribution of molds to food and to numerous other articles, especially when 

 they are kept in dark cupboards and cellars where cockroaches abound." 



Thrips flava as a carnation pest in greenhouses, L. Fulmek {Ztschr. 

 Pflanzenkrank., 21 {1911), No. 5, pp. 276-280, figs. 3).— The author describes an 

 injury to carnations caused by T. flava that was observed in greenhouses in 

 Lower Austria during 1910. "White spots on the petals, particularly noticeable 

 on the dark red varieties, were caused by the feeding of the thrips, many blooms 

 being rendered unfit for sale. 



Notes on the use of tobacco and tobacco extracts in combating the pest are 

 included in the account. 



Papers on cereal and forage insects. — Chinch-bug investigations west of 

 the Mississippi River, E. O. G. Kelly and T. H. Parks {U. S. Dept. Agr., 

 Bur. Ent. Bui. 95, pt. 3, pp. 23-52, pis. 2, figs. 5). — This paper has been pre- 

 pared for the purpose of giving farmers information relative to the habits of 

 this insect and the most effective methods of combating it. Field observations 

 of this pest in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Missouri, on which it is based, were 

 begun in the spring of 1907 and continued until March, 1911. 



The authors discuss the distribution of the chinch bug, its migration, status 

 of the chinch-bug problem in Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, southern Kan- 

 sas and northern Oklahoma in 1910 and in Kansas in 1911, its hibernation, pre- 

 ventive measures, remedial measures, unsatisfactory remedial measures, plow- 

 ing under infested crops, and parasitic fungi. 



" Injuries due to the chinch bug west of the Mississippi River are chiefly 

 confined to the States east of the Rocky Mountains where wheat and corn are 

 extensively grown, the most serious outbreaks during 1909 and 1910 occurring 

 in southern Kansas and northern Oklahoma. There are 2 generations each 

 year, one during the spring, which attacks the wheat and corn, and one during 

 the summer which develops on the corn and hibernates. These last pass the 

 winter as adults, and in the States west of the Mississippi River prefer for 

 hibernation the dense clumps of red sedge grass in which they collect in the 

 fall. Very few survive the winter in fallen ears or stalks of corn during 

 severe cold winters, but may survive a mild winter. . . . During the severe 



