ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 361 



siigai' 4.54, and oxalic acid 0.33 per cent; of the beet silage, water, 73.8, 

 ash 11.68, crude protein 3.13, pure protein 2.43, amid 0.7, fat 0.51, fiber 2.98, and 

 nitrogen-free extract 7.9 per cent. Digestion experiments showed a high de- 

 crease in digestibility for all constituents. 



Corn stover silage made in an iron-concrete silo suffered only a slight loss 

 ill nutriment, as shown by digestion experiments, and this loss was offset by 

 increased palatability. The analysis of the green fodder was water 15, crude 

 protein 5.57, pure protein 4.89, fat 1.41, nitrogen-free extract 44.25, fiber 27.53, 

 and ash 6.24 per cent. Analysis of the corn stover silage showed water 65, 

 crude protein 2.51, pure protein 1.48, fat 0.95, nitrogen-free extract 17.1, fiber 

 11.64, and ash 2.8 per cent. 



Forage crops and forage conditions in the Philippines, C. V. Piper {Philip- 

 pine Af/r. Rev. [English Ed.], .'/ {1911), Xo. 8, pp. 39^-428, pis. 3).— This con- 

 tains statistics on the live stock of the Philippine Islands, a general discussion 

 of the industry, and brief notes on about .50 species of grasses and forage 

 plants which can serve as stock feeds in the Islands. 



The report is summarized as follows : " The natural pasture lands in the 

 Philippines are enormous in area and capable of supporting many millions of 

 cattle and carabaos. These pastures improve under heavy grazing, especially 

 where the spread of finer grasses like Bermuda is encouraged. Other pasture 

 grasses should be introduced with the view of still further improving these pas- 

 tures. For finishing feeds for beef cattle and hogs there is a large variety of 

 easily grown forages available. These include com, sorghum, teosinte. Japanese 

 sugar cane, sweet potatoes, cassava, yams, chufas, peanuts, beggarweed, cow- 

 peas, velvet beans, and soy beans. Other forages not yet introduced which 

 should be fully tested are guinea corn and other grain sorghums, moth bean 

 {Phaseolus aconitifuUus) kulthi {Dolichos biflorus), guar {Cyamopsis psora- 

 Hoides), adsuki bean {Phaseolus angularis), and ragi millet {Elemine cora- 

 cana). 



" Hay for American and other horses can be cured during the dry season in 

 Luzon, November to INIay, and probably in other islands. Rhodes grass under 

 irrigation can be cut three times during the dry season if planted about No- 

 vember 1. Everything considered this is the best linown grass for the Philip- 

 pines. Other grasses of promise for hay are Tunis grass, Natal grass, and 

 Sudan grass. The last named usually grows too coarse to cure easily. Italian 

 rye grass has given more promising results in the high mountain region than 

 any other. It should be tested further as a hay grass. For green forage 

 several coarser grasses do well and are valuable. These include guinea, ParS, 

 and molasses grasses. Grains that can replace oats in part are palay (unhulled 

 rice) and maize. Mayuen {Coix lachryma-jobi var. mavuen) is also worthy of 

 careful trial and perhaps also guinea corn, a variety of sorghum. It also seems 

 feasible to grow the seed of various beans for horse feed, especially horse gram 

 (Dolichos biflorus), at present not grown in the Islands." 



Brief notes are given on the following forage plants : Andropogon aciculatus, 

 A. contortus, A. halepensis propinquus, A. intermedins hwnkei, A. nitidus, 

 A. serratus, A. sericeus, Apluda niutica, Arundinella setosa, Axonopus semiala- 

 tus, Centotheca m<ilabaria, Chloris barbata, C. gavana. Job's tears {Coix 

 lachryma-jobi), Bermuda grass {Cynodon dactylon), sand spur {Cenchrus 

 echinatus), crab grass {Digitaria sanguinalis), D. consanguinea, D. longiflora, 

 Dactyloctenium cegyptiacum, Diplachne fusca, finger grass {Eleusine indica), 

 ragi millet, {E. coracana), Eragrostis elegantula, E. interrupta, E. spartinoides, 

 E. tenella, E. viscosa, teff grass {E. abyssini<ia), Eriochloa ramosa, Ischcemum 

 arundinaceuni radicans, I. maticum, I. rugosum distachyum, zacate, bant 



