450 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



The "brusca" of coffee, R. Averna-Sacca (Bol. Agr. [Sao Paulo'\, 12. ser., 

 1911, No. 8, pp. 527-609, figs. 10). — The author describes a disease of coffee and 

 claims that the same trouble occurs on olives, cacao, almonds, and other plants. 

 He is convinced that the trouble, which is characterized by the drying and 

 browning of the leaves, defoliation of twigs, etc., is due to confctitutioual dis- 

 turbances resulting from too high or too low temperatures during the growing 

 period of the plant. If the changes are sudden and of short duration the par- 

 tial drying of the leaves is caused, but if more frequent and prolonged complete 

 desiccation follows. In the leaves and in lesions on the branches various fungi 

 are found, but none of them is believed to be primarily connected with the 

 cause of the disease. 

 A bil)liography is appended to the article. 



A new Nectria and its Fusarium generation appearing on diseased roots 

 of raspberry, A. Osterwaldeb (Ber. Deut. Bot. Gcsell., 29 (1911), No. 9, pp. 

 611-622, pi. 1). — A disease on roots of Rubus idcnis which impeded growth of 

 the fruiting twigs was investigated and found to be due to a fungus. This was 

 studied through its conidia-bearing stage and found to be a new species of 

 Nectria, to which the name 2V^. rubi was given. 



The infection of the grape with downy mildew (Plasmopara (Peronospora) 

 viticola), and protection therefrom, H. MtJLLEB-THUEGAU {Weinbaii u. Wein- 

 handcl, 29 (1911), Nos. 29, pp. S'lG, 3-',7 ; 1,6, pp. 521, 522).— In continuation of 

 previous investigations the author varied and extended his former experiments 

 with results confirming those already reported (E. S. R., 25, p. 352). He also 

 sought to ascertain whether Bordeaux mixture applied to the under side of the 

 grape leaves as recommended is likely to affect the rate of starch formation or 

 transformation. 



The results obtained did not indicate any marked effect upon either process. 

 His conclusions up to the present may be summarized as follows : Spraying the 

 upper side of leaves of cultiA'ated grapes for downy mildew is effective only as 

 the lower side happens to be reached thereby. Spraying the under side, if 

 thorough, gives complete protection. Fungicides are less easily washed from 

 the under side of the leaves by rains than from the upper side. Very small 

 drops, if close together, are sufHcieut to prevent infection of the leaves. Suita- 

 bly constructed nozzles with higher pressure will probably permit this new 

 method of spraying to be used effectively and economically. The normal func- 

 tioning of the leaf appears not to be materially affected by the method of 

 spraying recommended. 



Some diseases in orchids, P. Soeauek (Ztschr. Pflansenkrank., 21 (1911), 

 No. 7, pp. 387-395, figs. 3). — Four diseases are described affecting respectively 

 Ccelogyne cristata, Cattleya mendelii, Cypripedlum Icevigatum, and Lselia. In 

 causal relation with the first 2 the author describes a fungus which is held to 

 be Glocosporium affine. 



Rose mildew, J. B. S. Noiiton and T. H. White (Maryland Sta. Bui. 156, 

 pp. 73-80, figs. 6). — Powdery mildew of roses, which has been attributed in 

 this country to Sphwrotheca pannosa and S. hiiniuli, was found to be favored 

 in greenhouses by drafts of cool dry air coming in at ventilators, crevices, 

 broken glass, etc., which currents also distribute the spores capable of repro- 

 ducing the disease in 6 or 8 days. 



Low side ventilation retards the appearance and progress of the mildew, but 

 this is often not considered practicable in a range of houses. Burning sulphur 

 injured the leaves and did not seem to check the disease. Vaporizing sulphur 

 without ignition, as by painting it on the heating pipes or warming it over 

 lamps, is usually effective in controlling the fungus. A very heavy vapor, such 



