ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 451 



as results from boiling, injured tlae opening flowers without affecting the 

 foliage. 



Two new bacterial enlarg'ements on the leaves of certain Rubiaceae, F. 

 Boas (Bcr. Dent. Bot. Gcsell., 29 {1911), Xo. 7, pp. J,16-418, figs. 2).— The 

 author describes enlargements on the leaves of Psychotria alsophiJa and P. 

 lunbeUata, which are due to the presence of bacteria. These growths, however, 

 he claims are not pathological or in the nature of bacterial galls but are more 

 or less connected with the life history and functions of the leaves. 



Oak mildew, E. Cuif (Bui. Soc. Soi. Nancy, 3. ser., 12 (1911), No. 1, pp. 

 102-105, fig. 1). — A report is given of experiments carried on in 1909 and 1910 

 to prevent the mildew of oaks in nurseries by the application of sulphur. 

 Seedlings dusted 2 or 3 times during the season were practically free from the 

 fungus and attained an average height from 15 to 25 cm. above that of 

 untreated trees. 



Lophodermium macrosporum on the spruce, E. Mee (Btil. Soc. Bot. France, 

 57 (1910), Sess. Extraord., No. 1, pp. XLI-LI). — The author recognizes two 

 forms of a disease caused by L. macrosporum occurring on needles of the 

 spruce, the first of which is characterized by a rapid discoloration early in the 

 spring, and the presence of a great abundance of starch grains in the leaves, 

 followed by the maturing of the fungus during the third year if the infection 

 is produced before the end of summer. The spores are usually distributed 

 from May to August. 



In the second form of the disease the discoloration of the needles takes place 

 very slowly, requiring 5 or 6 months, or, under certain conditions, 2 or 3 

 years. The maturity of the fungus is effected during the summer of the 

 second year, and the spores are disseminated in the beginning of autumn 

 of the second year. 



The die-back disease and a note on the leaf diseases of Para rubber, K. 

 Bancroft {Dept. Agr. Fed. Malay States Bui. 1^, 1911, pp. 23, figs. 7). — An 

 account is given of the die-back of Hevea due to Diplodia, a stage in the fungus 

 Thyridaria tarda, in which the occurrence of the fungus, symptoms and spread 

 of the disease, and preventive and curative measures are given in some detail. 

 A technical account has been noted elsewhere (E. S. R., 25, p. 753). 



A brief summary is also given of the leaf diseases which have been described 

 on Para rubber from different parts of the world, with suggestions for their 

 control. In the Malay States the leaf fungi are most commonly met with in 

 nurseries and it is stated that they can be readily controlled by the application 

 of lime-sulphur mixture. 



Additional data on the artificial medication of trees, S. A. Mokezhetsku 

 (Dnevn. XII, S"iezda Russ. Est.-Isp. i Vrach \_Moscow], p. 527 ; ais. in Zhur. 

 Opytn. Agron. (Russ. Jour. Expt. Landw.), 11 (1910), No. 4, pp. 608, 609).— 

 Recent experiments of the author corroborate the applicability of nutrition 

 outside the roots for protecting trees from some diseases, such as chlorosis, 

 Phyllosticta, Septoria, etc. (E. S. R., 16, p. 982). 



ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY— ENTOMOLOGY. 



A list of the birds of the island of St. Lucia, A. H. Clark (West Indian 

 Bill., 11 (1911), No. 3, pp. 182-193).— Sixty-one forms are recorded from the 

 island of St. Lucia, together with a list of birds undoubtedly occurring on the 

 island but which have not yet been actually taken there. The protection of 

 native birds in St. Lucia is discussed at some length, and a note given on the 

 introduction of birds. 



