AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. 493 



Instructlou is usually offered in the winter half-year on Saturday afternoons, 

 and extends through from 1^ to li hours. It is given in the majoritj^ of cases 

 in the barraclis, but in some cases in agricultural winter schools. The number 

 of lectures varies from 6 to 32, and in many Provinces the lectures are followed 

 by discussions. In East Prussia a pamphlet containing an outline of the subject 

 is placed in the hands of the soldiers. Demonstration material from agricul- 

 tural schools, the question box, lantern slides, etc., have been successfully used. 

 In some of the garrisons the theoretical instruction is supplemented by excur- 

 sions to well-managed farms and experiment fields, the planting of trees and 

 demonstrations in orchards, plowing, mowing, and milking contests, fertilizer 

 tests, etc. The instruction is conducted by directors of agricultural winter 

 schools, agricultural teachers, officials of the chambers of agriculture and other 

 agricultural organizations, and occasionally by veterinarians, practical fai'mers, 

 and army officers. 



Recom^mendations for the work of the department in assisting the agri- 

 cultural shows of Bengal, E. J. Woodhouse (Dcpt. Agr. Bengal Recommenda- 

 tioH.'i, 1910, A'o. 2, PI). 87, i)ls. 10). — The author outlines the nature of the assist- 

 ance now being given by the department of agriculture to agricultural shows 

 and suggests a scheme for greatly increasing the efficiency of this work. 



The extension work of the College of Hawaii, 1908—1911, V. MacCaughey 

 (Haa-aii. Forester and Agr., 8 (Wit), No. 7, pp. 197-20.''i).—The author gives 

 a brief account of the establishment of the college, a synopsis of the short 

 courses in botany, economic entomology, horticulture, soils, farm crops, plant 

 breeding, and forestry offered in 1908, and a list of the 26 short courses offered 

 in 1900. Movable agricultural schools were conducted in 1909 in Hilo, Hawaii, 

 and Wailuku, Maui. Instructions in elementary botany, zoology, and nature 

 study is given to the free kindergarten noi'mal class, and other special courses 

 are held from time to time. Outlines are given of correspondence courses suc- 

 cessfully established in September, 1910, in soils and crops, plant life, poultry 

 husbandry, domestic science, and zoology. 



An outline for agricultural work in the grammar school grades, A. A. 

 Upham (New York and Chicago, 1912, pp. 22). — The exercises and references 

 contained in the 21 chapters into which this outline is divided have been pre- 

 jtared to assist teachers in the use of the author's text-book, An Introduction to 

 Agriculture (E. S. R., 23, p. 294). 



Beautifying our schools (Richmond. Va.: Dept. Pub. Instr., 1911, pp. 17, pis. 

 3, figs. 12). — In this pamphlet may be found an account of one of the main 

 lines along which the cooperative education association is working in Virginia, 

 viz, the beautifying of schools and school grounds. 



A study of food, I, edited by Mary P. Vanzile (Agr. Ed. [Kans. Agr. Col.], 

 3 [1910], No. 1, pp. 6Jf, figs. 10). — A pamphlet prepared for correspondence 

 students in home economics. 



Cattle and their products, A. W. Nolan (W, Va. School Agr., 2 (1911), No. I,, 

 pp. 69-87, figs. 12). — Seven lessons are given, which deal with breeds of dairy 

 and beef cattle, dairy products, judging cattle, calves, and feeding and caring 

 for cattle. Practical exei'cises, review questions, problems, score cards for daii'y 

 and beef cattle, and references to helpful literature are included. 



