AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY AGROTECHNY. 505 



sion by yeast invertase was determined iu the presence of different amounts of 

 glycerol. 



The results show that with an increase in viscosity there is a corresponding 

 decrease in the hydrolytic process. A similar behavior was noted with emulsin, 

 amylase, trypsin, and oxidases. 



Role of viscosity in the variation of the action of invertase according to 

 the concentration of saccharose, P. Achalme and M. Bkesson (Compt. Rend. 

 Acad. Sci. [Paris], 152 (1911), ^^o. 21, pp. lJf20-l'f22, fig. 1; abs. in Chem. Abs., 

 5 {1911), No. 15, p. 2490). — The inverting time for 25 per cent of the original 

 sugar (saccharose) present in solution was noted. The phenomenon was prac- 

 tically similar to that noted above. 



Nomenclature of the sugars, E. Voto^ek (Ber. Deut. Chem. Gcscll., 44 

 (1911), No. 3, pp. 360, 361; abs. in Jour. Chem. 8oc. [London]. 100 (1911), No. 

 581, I, p. 179). — " The prefix epi is used to denote the new carbohydrate formed 

 by the interchange of the H and OH groups on the ar-carbon atom ; thus man- 

 nose becomes epiglucose, ribose becomes epiarabinose, talose becomes epi- 

 galactose, etc. The isomeric pair are spoken of as epimerids, and the change as 

 epimerism. The nomenclature is extended to the alcohols and acids of the 

 carbohydrates." 



Methods of analyzing the products of the sugar cane (Bui. Assoc. Chim. 

 Sucr. et Distill., 28 (1911), No. 7, pp. 461-473, Jig. 1; Internat. Sugar Jour., IS 

 (1911), No. 145, pp. 19-25). — This article deals with the factory methods 

 adopted by the Association of Chemists of Hawaii for the chemical control of 

 cane sugar making. 



Examination of beet juices and similar substances according to Clerget's 

 method, H. Pellet (Sucr. Beige, 39 (1911), p. 478; abs. in Chem. Ztg., 35 

 (1911), No. 102, Repert., p. 428).— The addition of 0.25 per cent of rafiinose 

 or 0.5 per cent of invert sugar does not influence the results obtained with 

 Clerget's method, while the presence of amino acids or amins causes low re- 

 sults. This is particularly so if bodies of the glutamin group and much lead 

 subacetate solution are present. If tlie rotation is made on the basis of 100, 

 asparagin, asparaginic acid, glutamin and glutaminic acid in 1 per cent solu- 

 tions will show — 9, -|-9, +7, and +16° respectively ; in 10 per cent lead sub- 

 acetate solution +84, +18.9, —24, and — 33°, and in a 10 per cent hydro- 

 chloric acid solution +46.2, +35.2, +44, and +42.2°. The differences which 

 the Clerget method show, therefore, do not prove that dextrorotary, nondetect- 

 able losses due to nonsugar are present. 



Bacteriologic studies of honeys, A. Sartory and E. Moreau (Ann. Falsif., 

 4 (1911), No. 31, pp. 259-263). — Honeys from various sources were found to 

 contain Barillus subtilis, B. megateriurn. B. cerophiJus, Sarcinn lutea. Micro- 

 coccus radiatus. Staphylococcus pyogenes, Penicillium glaucum, Rhisopus nigri- 

 cans, Saccharomyces cerevisice, Mucor racemosus, Aspergillus gracilis, Sterigma- 

 tocystes nigra, pink yeast, etc. 



Among the various micro-organisms a yellow bacillus was isolated which 

 produced a coloring matter at an optimum of 30° C. slightly soluble in absolute 

 alcohol. Its color was changed to a yellow-brown by the addition of alkali, but 

 when acidified it resumed its original shade. The bacillus was placed in a 

 class with Bacillus lutciis and B. flavus. 



The use of the quantitative precipitin reaction for examining honeys, 

 J. Thoni (Mitt. Lebensm. TJntersuch. u. Hyg., Schweiz. Gsndhtsamt., 2 (1911), 

 No. 2, pp. 80-123, figs. 17; abs. in Chem. Ztg., 35 (1911), No. 97, Repert., p. 

 405). — The serums used were obtained by immunizing rabbits against bee bread 

 or feed protein. 



