594 EXPERIMENT STATTOX R?:CORD, 



Zealaud, and hired to farmers for wages ranging from 5 to 10 s. a weelv. in 

 addition to board, lodging, clotlies, instruction, etc. One shilling of this wage 

 was given to each boy weekly for pocket money, and the balance banked in the 

 name of the secretary of labor as trustee. 



It is reported that the boys made good farm laborers and their wages, in 

 many cases, were more than doubled the second year. The project is looked 

 upon as one which, if developed along proper lines, would not only relieve con- 

 gested conditions in large cities, but also aid greatly in solving the agricultural 

 labor problem. 



Agricultural credit, M. Dufotjemantelle, trans, by Pauline C. Riddle 

 (Philadelphia, 1912, pp. 43). — This is an English edition of a French publication 

 setting forth the general theory of cooperative credit, the uses to which rural 

 credit may be applied, the guiding principles of the organizations, and the work- 

 ing system of agricultural credit. 



Agricultural credit in Mexico, A. G. Granados (Agr. Mexicano, 10 (1910). 

 1^0. 10, pp. 21-2S; 11 (1911), Nos. 1, pp. 21-2.',; 2, pp. 18-20; 3, pp. 6-8; 4, pp. 

 17-19; 5. pp. 2U-.^S; 6, pp. 20-22; 7, pp. 17-19; 8, pp. 17, 18; 9, pp. 17, 18; 10, 

 pp. 17, 18; 11, pp. 4-6; 12, pp. 7-10; 12 (1912), Nos. 1, pp. 13-15; 2, pp. 15, 

 16). — This is a series of articles in which are discussed in a general way such 

 questions as agricultural credit ; agricultural banks ; establishment and increase 

 of fai'ms; land cultivation; exodus of rural population; agricultural syndicates; 

 cooperative rural societies; and methods of solving the professional, industrial, 

 social and economic problems of rural communities. 



WTiy does cooperation succeed in some cases and fail in others? L. S. 

 Tenny (N. Y. Trihune Farmer, 11 (1912). No. 533, pp. 3, IS, figs. ;^).— This is a 

 paper read before the annual meeting of the New York State Fruit Growers' 

 Association at Rochester, Januai'y 4, in which the causes assigned for the success 

 or failure of cooperative organizaticfiis are discussed in detail. The underlying 

 requisites of successful cooperation are classified as follows: (1) A common 

 need or at least some common ground between farmers, (2) incorporating the 

 organization, (.3) putting in the money for the capital stock on a nonprofit 

 sharing biisis, and (4) a signed contract between the central organization and 

 the individuals shipping through it. 



Successful niutiial company, J. P. Thiessen (Nebr. Farmer, .'/ff (1912), No. 

 4, p. 99). — This article describes the working of a mutual fire insurance society 

 in Jefferson County, Nebr., which insures against loss by fire and lightning. 

 The charge for new insurance is 20 cts. per $100 insured, of which 15 cts. goes 

 to the treasury to pay losses. Thirty-five years' experience indicates that it 

 requires about 15 cts. to meet losses. 



Mutual insui-ance, J. R. Huffman (Nebr. Farmer, 44 (1912), No. 4, P- 

 95). — It is here noted that 18 years ago the farmers of Nemaha County, Nebr., 

 organized a mutual insurance company, which now has 22G members with no 

 salaried officers, and nearly $500,000 insurance in force. 



Efficient use of farm labor, E. H. Thompson (Cornell Countryman, 9 

 (1912). No. 4, PP- 110-113, figs. 2). — This article presents a brief discussion of 

 the possibility of applying scientific management to farm and farm labor, the 

 problem being to keep laborers, horses, etc., efficiently employed throughout the 

 year. It is suggested that this may be best accomplished by diversification, or 

 so planning the rotation of the farm as to have the work on the crops come at 

 separate periods. Charts are given illustrating (1) the distribution of man and 

 horse labor on a farm where small grain was the only crop grown, and (2) the 

 actual cost of man labor per month on an eastern dairy farm. 



The business of the small farm, edited Ity W. P>R00MnALL (Country Gent. 

 Estate Book, 1911, pp. 277-280). — A discussion as to the business side of farm 



