714 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



the ether extract should be dried after driving off the solvent; (c) the effect 

 of pre-drj'ing the sample and drying the ether extract for various lengths of 

 time in the usual water-jacketed drying oven, or in a stream of illuminating 

 gas. The feeds examined were peanut cake, cotton-seed cake, sunflower cake, 

 sesame cake, hemp cake, coconut cake, linseed cake, palm cake, rape cake, rice 

 feed meal, millet polish meal, and dried distillery slops. Ten examinations of 

 each of the 12 feeding stuffs were made. 



The results show that the substance must be so ground that the individual 

 grains are 1 mm. in size. The extraction must be conducted with water-free 

 ether. The material must be dried previous to extraction and the fat after 

 evaporating off the solvent must be dried for a definite time. In the case of 

 peanut cake, cotton-seed cake, sunflower cake, sesame cake, hemp cake, and 

 rape-seed cake the ordinary drying orven Is to be employed. The time of pre- 

 dryiug of the feed and the fat extracted therefrom must be 2 hours in each 

 case. Linseed cake and its fat ought to be dried in an oxygen-free gas for a 

 period of 2 hours. If this method is not convenient, then dry for 1 hour in 

 an ordinary drying oven. Coconut cake, palm cake, rice feed meal, millet 

 polish meal, and distillery slops are to be dried in the usual water-jacketed 

 drying oven foi* 1 hour, while the fat extracted from them is dried for 2 

 hours. In this instance compensation is made for residual water and volatile 

 fat. The drying temperature should fluctuate between 98 and 100° C. 



Determination of the purity of linseed cake, L. Vuaflart (Ann. Falsi/,, 4 

 {1911), No. 33, pp. 381-388). — This article considers the microscopic detection 

 of the impurities, and the determination of cellulose and gum, in linseed cake. 



In regard to the determination of rice spelts or hulls in rice feed meal, 

 J. A. EzENDAM {Verslag. Landbomck. Onderzoelc. Rijkslandbomvproefstat. 

 [Nethcrlandsl, 1911, No. 9, pp. 77-89, pi. 1). — As the result of his work the 

 author finds that the chemical and microscopical methods when compared with 

 one another yield noncoucordant results. The method with which he obtained 

 the best results was as follows : 



Fifty gm. of the rice feed meal was dried at from 100 to 105° C. and passed 

 through a 0.5 mm. mesh sieve. The spelts remaining in the sieve are then 

 finely ground and are mixed with the material which has passed through the 

 sieve. Of the material thus prepared from 0.5 to 1 gm. (according to the 

 amount of hulls present) is weighed off and boiled successively for 1/2 minute 

 with 50 cc. of 10 per cent nitric acid and 50 cc. of 2.5 per cent sodium hydrate. 

 After each operation the residue is washed with water on a cloth having 43 

 threads per centimeter (the meshes of the wet cloth are 100 n) ; the substance 

 remaining upon the cloth is placed in a porcelain dish and enough rubber 

 solution is added to make a bulk of 12 gm. The mass is thoroughly mixed. 

 The counting chamber is then filled evenly with the mixture and brought upon 

 the object table of a preparation microscope (previously leveled with a spirit 

 gage) and allowed to stand until the particles have settled to the bottom of 

 the chamber. The rice spelts which appear in 3 rows 8 cm. long each in a 

 field of 1.5 sq. mm. are then counted and reported with reference to 1 gm. of 

 substance employed. 



The normal figure found was 20. The results of tests with the method are 

 given. See also the Katayama method (E. S. R., 24, p. 310). 



Analyses of miscellaneous materials, A. J. Patten {Michigan Sta. Spec. 

 Bui. 55, pp. 3-12). — Analyses are reported of alfalfa meal, barley bran, apple 

 pomace, red kidney beans (refuse), beet-seed meal, brewers' grains, brewery 

 mash, buckwheat bran, buckwheat fiour, cotton-seed meal, gluten feed, linseed 

 meal, middlings, pea bran, pea-vine hay, salvage wheat, salvage corn, and 

 mixed feeds; alfalfa stems and leaves; nicotin in tobacco compounds; lime, 



