770 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



included Russian feeding Ijiirk-y, (iernian I)re\ving barley, barloy bran, rye meal, 

 rj'e bran, wheat bran, fish meal, meat meal, potatoes, dried potatoes, sugar beets, 

 sugar chips, milk, skiui milk, red clover, lucern, vetch, beet-leaf silage, oats, 

 field beans, dried distillery slops, dried brewers' grains, wlieat straw, maize, 

 cotton-seed meal, sesame cake, and coconut cake. Analyses of the feeds are 

 given. 



The basis of swine fattening', F. Lehmann (Molk. Ztg. [Hildesheim], 25 

 (toil), Nos. 07, pp. 182.3, 182',; 08, pp. 18.W, 181,-',; 99, pp. 1857, i8.5.S).— This is 

 chiefly a discussion of the feed re(_iuirements of swine. 



Eugenics and the breeding of light horses, .7. C Ewart ( Field [London], 

 119 (1912), No.s. 3083, pp. 288, 289; 3086, p. 3 ',6, //>•. i2).— Attention is calltnl 

 to the need for fmproving light horses for army remounts, which can be done 

 only by conducting breeding operations on scientific principles. If pure breed- 

 ing strains are to be obtained, pui'e-breeding females as well as pure-breeding 

 males must be used as foundation stock. 



" To breed economically light horses suitable for military purposes it will be 

 necessary to form at least one pure-breeding (homozygous) strain of thorough- 

 breds of the hunter type, and at least one pure-breeding strain with, say, the 

 characteristics of the old Irish draft horse or of the old English pack horse. 

 If, as is highly probable, a homozygous thoroughbred hunter strain yields with 

 a pui'e-breeding draft horse strain hybrids or crosses relatively as uniform and 

 valuable as the hybrid red-roan Shorthorns, the jiroblem of breeding light horses 

 for military and general utility pur])oses would be solved. . . . Though homozy- 

 gous strains or lines of thoroughbreds have not yet been formed, there actually 

 exists now ... a number of thoroughbreds (of what may be known as the 

 chaser or Red Prince type) which invariably breetl true. By forming a stud 

 made up of, say, a score of pure-breeding mares and of 3 or 4 pure-breeding stal- 

 lions which invariably produce offspring of the Red Prince type, the foundation 

 would be laid of an invaluable thoroughbred strain." 



What horse for the cavalry? S. Borden (Fall River, Mass., 1012, pp. V+t06, 

 pi. 1, figs. 57). — Types of horses bred in Hollaud, (Jermany, Austria, and Hun- 

 gary that are suitable for remounts are illustrated and described. 



Horse breeding- in Italy, H. von Albert (Deut. Landw. Presse, 39 (1912), 

 No. 19, p. 222, Jigs. 2). — This contains brief descriptions of the more common 

 breeds of horses in Italy. 



Some experiments with poultry, C. L. Opperman and R. H. Waite (Mary- 

 land Sta. Bill. 157, pp. 79-95, figs. J,). — In a study of the egg production of 60 

 white Leghorn hens in 3 successive years, the average number of eggs per bird 

 was 171.3 the first year, 149.1 the second year, and 151.1 the third year. The 

 estimated cost of the maintenance of the flock was $90 for each year. The 

 profit per hen was $2.07 the first year, $1.61 the second year, and 90 cts. the 

 third year. The yearly individual records obtained by trap nests are given. 

 All of the .5 hens which produced 200 eggs and over laid their first egg in 

 November, whereas of the fowls producing 100 and under only 3.7 per cent 

 laid their first egg in November, 44.4 per cent laid the first egg in January, 

 and 13 per cent laid the first egg in February. One fowl made the best record 

 in the third year, 13 the second year, and the remainder during the first year. 



" The percentage of shrink in egg production during the third year proves 

 conclusively that birds of this age are being maintained at a serious financial 

 loss." 



The adoption of some method for marking fowls is advocated as a means for 

 increasing egg production. 



A study as to the time required for eggs to become fertile led to the follow- 

 ing results : " On the fourth day after the male was added in the first test 



