VETERINARY MEDICINE. 885 



" The bovine tubercle bacillus is the most couiuiou cause of tuberculosis iu 

 swine, and has been found in every case iu this series where there was dissemi- 

 nated tuberculosis, as well as in more than half (10 out of IS) of those in which, 

 so far as could be ascertained, the disease was localized. 



" The tuberculous lesions iu the pig's lymphatic glands caused by the human 

 tubercle bacillus or the avian tubercle bacillus can not be distinguished from the 

 lesions sometimes produced liy the bovine tubercle bacillus." 



The results of the immunity experiments " clearly show that by the inocula- 

 tion of large doses of living human tubercle bacilli, as well as by the inocula- 

 tion of small doses of bovine tubercle bacilli, the resistance of a calf can be 

 raised sufficiently to protect it against the inoculation of a dose of bovine 

 tubercle bacilli which has been shown to be capable of setting up severe and 

 fatal tuberculosis in a calf not so protected. They show further that this 

 degree of resistance is not always produced, and that calves which have been 

 vaccinated once, and even twice, with slightly virulent human biicilli may de- 

 velop fatal tuberculosis when inoculated with virulent bovine bacilli." 



Results of the tests in regard to the excretion of tubercle bacilli in the milk of 

 animals have been noted elsewhere (E. S. R., 26, p. 777). Reports submitted to 

 the Commission in 1900 on the stability of Tubercle Bacilli in the Living Animal 

 and on Experiments with Mixed Viruses, by L. Cobbet, are also included. 



Investigations into the tuberculosis occurring naturally in certain ani- 

 mals other than man, and modification experiments, F. Griffith (Roy. Com. 

 Tuberculosis, Final Rpt., II, Apjh, 4 (1911), pp. Ji~>l, pis. 3). — This report gives 

 the results of 5 investigations, which were as follows: Tubercle bacilli derived 

 from 5 cases of tuberculosis occurring naturally in the horse; viruses obtained 

 from casual tuberculosis of various mammals (gnu, antelope, rhesus monkey, 

 chimpanzee, and cat) ; avian tubercle bacilli obtained from birds and swine (9 

 avian sources, 3 fowls, 3 pheasants, a pigeon, a demoiselle crane, and a Senegal 

 touracou) ; modification experiments with tubercle bacilli derived from animals 

 other than man (bovine and avian) ; and artificially mixed cultures with calves 

 and rabbits. 



In the first investigation the cultures from 3 viruses, E I, E III, and E V, cor- 

 responded exactly in their behavior on artificial media and in their high virulence 

 for rabbits and guinea pigs to those cultures isolated from bovines. Two of the 

 3 viruses E I and E III which were inoculated subcutaneously into calves 

 and pigs produced a lethal generalized tuberculosis, such as follows the intro- 

 duction of bovine tubercle bacilli. The remaining 2 cultures, E II and E IV, 

 behaved more like the human type of bacillus in calves and other animals. 



" The virulence of 3 of the equine viruses was tested on horses. The culture 

 of virus E I inoculated intravenously in a dose of 10 mg. caused fatal tubercu- 

 losis in 17 days. The horses inoculated intravenously with equivalent doses 

 of viruses E II and E IV died of general tuberculosis in 40 and 98 days, re- 

 spectively. The culture of virus E II did not cause progressive tuberculosis 

 after subcutaneous inoculation. A horse inoculated subcutaneously with virus 

 E IV was killed when very ill after 125 days and had general tuberculosis. 

 The experiments on horses with bovine tubercle bacilli [did] not result in the 

 production of progressive tuberculosis after either subcutaneous inoculation or 

 feeding with moderately large doses, but by the intravenous inoculation of 

 10 mg. acute tuberculosis was set up fatal in 20 days." 



The results of the second investigation show that a gnu and an antelope. 

 " belonging to the order of ruminants, had acquire<l casually severe tuberculosis 

 due to infection with tubercle bacilli, which experimentally had only slight 

 virulence for calves and could not be distinguished culturally from human 



