VETEEINARY MEDICINE. 889 



Treatment of canine piroplasmosis by arsenobenzol, C. Levaditi and L 

 Nattan-Larrieb (Bill 8oc. Path. Exot., /, {1911), No. o, pp. 29i-296 ) .—Experi- 

 ments with 3 dogs show that dioxydiamidoarsenobenzol (Salvarsan) is an effi- 

 cient remedy when administered at any stage of this disease of dogs. A single 

 dose of 40 mg. per kilogram weight of the animal is said to be sufficient. Tests 

 made with one of the cured dogs showed that it had acquired a partial im- 

 nmnity, being resistant to a dose of virus which in 48 hours caused the death 

 of a checli animal of the same age and weight. 



[Acidifying] air and rice bacteria the cause of polyneuritis gallinarum, 

 J. H. F. KoHLBRUGGE {K. Akdd. Wci:?nsch. Amsterdam, Proc. Sect. Sci., IS 

 (1911), pt. 2, pp. 904-916).— The author describes a new bacterium which he 

 fouud to acidify wet sterilized rice within a few hours after the rice was 

 exposed to the air. It is described as a " small, short rod, having great resem- 

 blance to the coli bacillus of the intestines." 



This bacillus acidifies neutral sterilized rice within 24 hours; in its absence 

 the rice always remains neutral. Dry grains of rice sown on sterilized neutral 

 rice all proved to be a source of acid inwhich this bacillus was found. AVhen 

 uuhusked rice grains were passed through a gas flame several times, charring 

 the coarse yellow skin and the white one beneath it, and leaving only the interior 

 part of the gi-ain white, it was found that on grinding rice trente<l in this way 

 in a sterilized mortar and inoculating on neutral sterilized rice that the acid- 

 ifying bacillus still developed. 



The author states that in his attempt to work with pure cultures he has often 

 been hindered by a certain lengthened '-od that made its appearance in the 

 cultures. Both bacilli were found in every portion of acidified rice and in every 

 dry rice grain, and "both make rice sour; it seems, consequently, that they live 

 as in symbiosis, or support each other." 



A series of experiments was carried on from which it appeared (1) that the 

 obligate intestine bacteria do not acidify rice, (2) that the air-b;ictevium that 

 acidifies rice can be shown in the crop and intestines of chickens that died from 

 polyneuritis gallinarum, and (3) that in acute cases of polyneuritis the air 

 bacterium can almost supersede the intestine bacteria. " It was soon shown 

 that these bacilli, and even entire cultures together, injected into the breast 

 muscles and into the peritoneum do not cause polyneuritis gallinarum. 



Chickens fed with sterilized rice and cultures of acidifying rice bacilli grown 

 on ferment showed even on the third day symptoms of paralysis and cyanosis. 

 " The third day they are sitting in the cage with paralyzed feet and bristling 

 feathers, blue combs, soon show dyspuoe, and die the fifth d.-iy. A dreadful 

 diarrhea was perceptible previously and the animals are enormously emaciated 

 in those five days, so that even the breast muscles have disappeared. All symp- 

 toms correspond entirely to those which chickens, fed with rice only, do not 

 show before the twenty-fourth or twenty-fifth day, but here they coincide in a 

 short space. 



" This experiment proved undubitably that the air and rice bacillus generat- 

 ing sour fermentation, isolated by me, can cause the symptoms of polyneuritis 

 gallinarum when it is introduced into the intestines of chickens." 



Observations concerning the pathology of roup and chicken pox, C. M. 

 Haring and C. A. Kofoid (Amer. Vet. Rev., 40 (1912), No. 6, pp. 717-728).— The 

 conclusions drawn from the studies here presented are as follows : 



" There is good evidence to believe that nasal roup ( Schleimhauterkrankungen) 

 and chicken pox, or epithelioma contagiosum (Geflugelpocke) are 2 distinct 

 diseases. Immunity to chicken pox does not confer immunity to roup, nor vice 

 versa. Diphtheritic lesions in the mouth and throat of fowls may be produced 



