418 



THE FARMER'S MAGAZINE. 



oue thorough-bred, and a thorough-bred brood mare, iiiae 

 bulls, twenty-one cowa and heifers, twenty-flve sheep, and 

 twenty-four pigs, all of which were consigned to Mr. Bell, of 

 the Adelphi stables, who shipped them on board the 

 "Georgia," for Philadelphia. Every precaution which skill 

 and experience could suggest was adopted with regard to fit- 

 ting up and ventilatiug the ship, and also for the feeding and 

 care of the animals on the long voyage which was before them, 

 rendered iu some degree perilous by the comparatively warm cli- 

 mate to which they were destined. Theprecautionsindispensable 

 for this purpose were necessaiily very costly, as was the quantity 

 of provisions requisite for so long a voyage. The expenses of 

 travelling and conveyance, added to the first cost of the ani- 

 mals, amounted iu all to 32,767 dols. ; notwithstanding which^ 

 and the occurrence of some mortality among the animsls, the 

 investment has turned out a very profitable one, the whole lot 

 having realized 43,520 dol. Mentionhas been madeof some mor- 

 tality among these fine animals ; this consisted of the death of 

 the brood mare, 1 bull, 1 cow, 1 sheep, and 1 pig, which 

 died on the voyage, and 1 bull, which died from the 

 effects of heat in Philadelphia. From the Illi?tois Chroni- 

 cle, of the 3rd instant, we learn some particulars of 

 the sale; these are as follow :—" Young Barton," thorough- 

 bred stallion, which cost, including conveyance, 2,200 dols., 

 sold for 5,050 dols. Among the bulls, "Defender," which 

 cost 1,100 dols., sold for 2,500 dols.; "Argus," which 

 cost 1,066 dols., sold for 2,058 dols.; "Admiral," which 

 cost 1,201 dols., sold for 2,000 dols. ; and " King Alfred," 



which cost 1,100 dols., sold for 1,300 dols. Among the cows 

 and heifers " Rachel," which cost 1,766 dols., brought 3,925 

 dols.; "Emerald," which cost 1,204 dols., brought 2,125 

 dols.; and " Lady Harriet," which ccst 916 dols., brought 

 1,300 dols. The Cotswold rams cost 554 dols., the ewes 720 

 dols. ; [the Southdown rams cost 57o dols., the ewes 590 

 dols. :] for the Ijerkshire boars the cost was 398 dola., 

 and for the sows 347 dols. For the Irish, Cumberland 

 aud Yorkshire boars the cost was 251 dollars, and for 

 the sows 360 dollars. From a comparison of the ori- 

 ginal cost, iucludi'ig all expenses, which the full amount 

 "realized, it appears that a profit of nearly 33 per cent, has 

 accrued from the speculation, after deducting all coats and 

 casualtie?. The only class of stock on which money was lost 

 was the sheep, the highest amount of aggregate profit being 

 on the pigs ; but so satisfactory has the speculation turned 

 out, that other gentlemen have intimated their intention of 

 coming over here in the spring for the purpose of making 

 similar purchases. Indeed, to such an extent is the purchase 

 and transmission of breeding stock from this country now 

 carried, that it has become an important item iu the export 

 trade of Liverpool. In this statement we are borne out 

 partly by the facts already stated, and partly also by the cir- 

 cumstance that Mr. Bell is at present engaged in collecting 

 and forwarding stock to Australia, Callao, Pernambucco, 

 Buenos Ayres, Canada, and the United States. The animals 

 now referred to consist of stud-horses, blood brood-mares, 

 bulls, cows, sheep, donkeys, pigs, and poultry. 



SKETCHES OF BRITISH INDIA. 



From the Parliamentary Report on Indian Territories, 

 published in 1 052, it appears that the total area of British 

 India covers 1,3()8,113 square miles. Of this territory the 

 British States contain 677,752 square miles, with a popu- 

 lation of 99,409,902; while the Native States include 

 690,361 square miles, with a population of 52,359,051. 

 Prior to the e.xisting mutiny, the military armaments of all 

 India numbered 726,758 men, of which 435,229 were in 

 the service of the native princes. This magnificent coun- 

 tr}' is rich in natural productions. It is watered by nu- 

 merous rivers, while its coasts are washed by the ocean 

 from Bombay to Cape Comorin, and from Cape Comorin to 

 Calcutta. The fertile soil yields coffee and sugar, wheat 

 and barley, indigo and tobacco, cotton and opium, rice and 

 various spices. The juice of the mulberry is there con- 

 verted into silk by the curious progress of one of the most 

 wonderful of insects ; and the fleece of the sheep supplies 

 the natives with wool. Medicinal herbs abound. Hemp 

 grows wild in the north-western provinces and in the 

 Himalaya. Large forests furnish wood for useful and 

 ornamental purposes. The ship-yards of Bombay are sup- 

 plied with teak from the coast of Malabar. The bamboo 

 is used for the construction of houses and bridges. Maho- 

 gany was only planted in 1795 ; but now it is only inferior 

 to the finest qualities of Honduras. Maple, logwood, oak, 

 fir, the horse-chesnut, and almost all the European fruit- 

 trees flourish ; while the mango and the tamarind are 

 ranged in groves. India yields coal and iron ; and the 

 famous Damascus blades, once so highly prized by the 

 warrior, are known to have been manufactured in the 

 north-west of Hindostan ; and even in our days, the wootz 

 steel is imported into England, for the manufacture of sur 



gical instruments. The country can supply nitre for the 

 whole world. Precious stones — agates and jaspers, pearls 

 and diamonds— add to the wealth of the peninsula. Be- 

 fore the machinery of Lancashire destroyed the hand-loom 

 weavers of India, they furnished the most beautiful fabrics 

 to Europe ; and did so even in the time of Augustus 

 Cresar. Their muslins were so delicate as to have received 

 the distinctive titles of " running water" and " nightly 

 dew;" and we may judge of their fineness and tenuity 

 from the fact that a Persian ambassador, on his return from 

 India, presented his king with a cocoa-nut, which con- 

 tained a muslin turban thirty yards long, and which, when 

 expanded in the air, could hardly be felt. The carving of 

 Indian wood- work, the patterns, colours, and texture of its 

 shawls and scarves, admired for centuries, astonished and 

 delighted all who visited the Great Exhibition in Hyde- 

 park, in 1851. 



From the earliest periods the Hindoos excelled in archi- 

 tecture, displayed in their temples and tombs, and it may 

 be read almost with incredulity that the Hills of Western 

 India, over the space of five thousand square miles, are 

 penetrated by hundreds of caves, hewn out of the solid 

 rock without the aid of gunpowder, and covered with rich 

 and elaborate sculptures, which in size and beauty rival 

 the finest cathedrals in Europe. The mountain of Aboo, 

 5,000 feet high, is covered with a vast mass of temples, 

 constructed in the seventh century of the Christian era. 

 According to Dr. Buist, the hills of Paulitana are 

 literally crusted over with tempkis of the finest arabesque, 

 cut in the hardest stone. The ruined city of Beejapoor 

 contained sixteen hundred mosques. The dome of the 

 Mausoleum of Ibrahim Adil Shah is a third larger than 



