THE FARMER'S MAGAZINE. 



431 



Mr. Hcuiy Straftord, DiiJding Hill Farm, Willesden ; 

 second, Mr. C. Webster, Uxbridgo. 



Cows, in milk or in-calf.— First prizo, Mr. Henry Straf- 

 ford ; second, Mr. C. Webster, Uxbridire. 



Ileifors, in-milk or in-calf, nnder three years old. — First 

 prize, Mr. H. Strafford; second, ditto. 



Heifers, calved in U!5(;.— Second prize, Mr. H. Strafford. 



Cow Calves, calved in 1 8,57.— First prize. Baron Roths- 

 child ; second, ditto. 



SHEEP. 



Down Bams of the Hampshire breed.— Firat prize, Mr. H. 

 P. Bsxter, Southall Greeu; second, Mr. A. H. Johnsou,juD., 

 Hanger Hill. 



Uawu Ewes of the Hampshire breed, having produced lambs 

 ia 1857. First prize, Mr. C. Eley, Beaver's Farm ; second, 

 ditto. 



Down Rams. — First prize, Mr. C. Eley. 



Down Ewea, having produced lambs iu 1857. — First prize, 

 Mr. C. Eley ; second, ditto. 



Down Evve Lambs, bred by exhibitor. — First prize Mr. C. 

 Eley. 



Rams of any other breed. — First prize, Mr. C. Eley ; second, 

 Mr. H. P. Baxter. 



Ewes of any other breed, having produced lambs in 1857. — 

 First prize, Mr. C. YAcy ; second, Mr. H. P. Baxter. 



Ewe Lambs of any other breed, bred by exhibitor. — First 

 prize, Mr. H, P. Baxter ; second, ditto. 

 PIGS. 



Sows of a large breed. — First prize, Mr. Charles Eley, Bea- 

 vor's Farm, Hounslow ; second, Mr. Henry Strafford, Dud- 

 ding Hill Farm. 



Sows, of a large breed, under six months old. — Firat prize, 

 Mr. Edward Haynes, Hammond's Farm, Stanwell. 



Sows, of a small breed. — First prize, Mr. H. Strafford, 

 Dudding Hill Farm; second, Mr. A. H. Johnson, Hanger 

 Hill. 



Sows of a small breed, under six months old. — First prize, 

 Mr. Henry Strafford, Dudding Hill Farm. 



LONG SUTTON AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION. 



STEAM-PLOUGHING. 



The chief feature of the twenty-first annual meeting 

 of this Society, held on Wednesday, Oct. 14, was the trial 

 of Fowler's Steam Plough, Hansom's Revolving Potato- 

 Ai'^ger, and other field machinery, upon the farm of Mr. 

 John Clarke. On this occasion the steam-plough con- 

 sisted of a perfectly new improvement upon that exhi- 

 bited at Uppingham, Bedford, &c., the windlass being 

 adapted to any ordinary portable engine, instead of re- 

 quiring it to be mounted on a frame and fitted with 

 winding-drums underneath. The engine is simply 

 placed between two beams of the windlass-frame, like a 

 horse in a pair of shafts, and the windlass hauls itself 

 and the engine forward along the headland so as to keep 

 opposite its work. The plough, anchorage, and ar- 

 rangement of ropes, are similar to those previously 

 shown. As the new apparatus had never been tried 

 before, a great many stoppages occurred, and much 

 time was lost in adjusting the mechanism, owing to the 

 men being unaccustomed to it ; so that the carefully in- 

 .stituted experiments of the judges (Mr. Dring, of 

 Claxby, Lincolnshire, Mr. Robert Coe, of Tilney, Nor- 

 folk, and Mr. John Algernon Clarke, of Long Sutton), 

 were unfortunately deprived of the value they would 

 otherwise have had. Another great disadvantage was 

 the uneven surface of the ground, which was a clover- 

 ley roughly eaten off, and lying in four-yard stetches, 

 with high ridges and deep furrows, whereas the plough 

 was adapted only for flat or one-way work. The im- 

 plement was not in good order, and the soil being wet 

 and stiflf from the late heavy rains would not scour the 

 ploughs. However, three furrows at a time, each 10 

 inches wide and 63 inches deep were turned over, at a 

 speed of fully two miles per hour. In order to test the 

 power required for the work, the draught of various horse- 

 ploughs, similar in breadth of share and length of 

 mould-board to those of the steam-implement, was taken 

 in the same field by the dynamometer, and deducting the 

 draught of the ploughs " empty" from that when in work, 

 it appeared that the cutting and turning of a furrow of 

 the dimensions stated required a draught of 20 stones. 



That is, the work done by the steam-plough, indepen- 

 dently of its own weight and friction, may be taken at 

 7i cwt. for the three furrows. The draught of the im- 

 plement when out of work, although weighing 2-i cwt., 

 was found to be only 3 cwt. The field being 236 yards 

 long, the length of rope out at once was 472 yards, and 

 the draught of this over the ground was 3 cwt. ; but as 

 more than half this length was supported upon friction- 

 rollers, the draught of the rope altogether could not ex- 

 ceed I2 cwt. The total draught, then, of the implement 

 turning three furrows, and of the rope, amounted to 12 

 cwt. An interesting comparison may here be made. 

 The draught of the horse-ploughs (Ransome'siron one), 

 drawn empty down an open furrow in this moist soil, 

 was no less than li cwt. each, or 42 cwt. for three 

 ploughs, so that the draught of the steam-implement, 

 together with its 472 yards of rope, was just equal to 

 that of horse-ploughs taking the same number of fur- 

 rows, a result much more favourable to the steam- 

 plough than we should have expected, but which is easily 

 explained by remembering that the whole weight of each 

 horse-plough sledges upon the sole, share, and heel of 

 the mould-board, while the steam-ploughs are balanced, 

 and their entire weight carried upon a pair of large 

 carriage-wheels having patent axles. Had the ploughs 

 or the steam-implement been in better trim, a still 

 more favourable result would have been arrived at. 



We now come to the estimation of the power em- 

 ployed. The engine was of the same dimensions as 

 Clayton and Shuttleworth's eight-horse power, stated 

 to be of eight-horse power at 451bs. pressure, and 

 worked up to 501bs. pressure. In 2f hours, the coal 

 burnt was 14^ stone, equivalent to 721bs. per hour; 

 and, reckoning one-horse power to consume 61bs, per 

 hour, the power at which the engine was working will be 

 about twelve-horse ; but so much steam was blowing off, 

 that we can hardly take it at more than eleven. The 

 power engaged in propelling the implement and rope — 

 being 12 cwt., at 2 miles per hour — is equivalent to 

 about seven mechanical horse power ; so that the re- 



