THE FARMER'S MAGAZINE. 



73 



i,'900,000 remitted annually by settlors in North 

 America, and £59,000 from Australia to their friends at 

 home towards passage and outfit, we cannot wonder 

 that the emigration is vigorous. And this is only what 

 is officially known to bo sent through bankers and 

 merchants, but largo sums also come home for the 

 same purpose through private hands. 



There is another feature in the return before us which 

 deserves notice, and that is the Savings' Bank returns, 

 which are a mark of the progress of the condition of 

 the people. The amount of money deposited in the 

 Savings' Rank and Friendly Societies seem^^ to incre;ise 

 at the rate of about £2,000,000 a year, or rather more. 

 In 1856, i?78,801,()l-2 was thus lodged with the Na- 

 tional Commissioners for Great Britain and Ireland. 

 In England there were 409 Savings' Banks, in which 

 the deposits made by 1,135,390 depositors was 

 ^£■30,404,870, or on the average £26f. In Wales 

 there were 31 Savings' Banks, 29,277 depositors, and 

 ^878,844 lodged, being an average of i^30. In 

 Scotland 47 Savings' Banks, with 119,497 depositors, 

 and jgl,938,572 lodged, averaging about £16 4s. to 



each depositor. In Ireland the number of banks was 

 52, of depositors 57,508, and the amount of money 

 £1,723,726, being an average of nearly £30. The total 

 for the kingdom shows an average amount of £25 in- 

 vested by 1,318,047 individual depositors, in 599 

 Savings' Banks. But these banks are used largely as 

 deposits for trust funds by charitable institutions, and 

 friendly societies, from the security offered; and there 

 were 14,579 of the former, with an average deposit of 

 £48, and 9,040 of the latter, whose average deposit was 

 £155 10s. The average rate of interest paid seems to 

 have been about £2 18s. 8d. The number of annui- 

 ties not exceeding £30 each to the industrious classes, 

 granted by the Commissioners, was, in 1850, 10,843, 

 the total amount of them £185,515. The total amount 

 paid for annuities since the commencement, for life and 

 term of years, has reached £2,124,914, a very fa- 

 vourable indication of the provident habits of tliis class 

 of people. 



There are other features in this return having 

 special reference to the agricultural community, to 

 which we may direct attention hereafter. 



ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND. 



A Monthly Council was held on Wednesday the 

 1st of December : present, His Grace the Duke of 

 Marlborough, President, in the Chair, Lord Berners, 

 Lord Feversham, Lord Leigh, Hon. Colonel A. Nelson 

 Hood, Hon. William George Cavendish, M.P., Mr. 

 Raymond Barker, Colonel Challoaer, Mr. Exall, Mr. 

 Brandreth Gibbs, Mr. Fisher Hobbs, Mr. Wren Hoskyns, 

 Mr. James Howard, Mr. Humberston, Mr. Milward, 

 Mr. Pain, Mr. Thompson, Mr. Torr, Mr. George 

 Turner, and Professor Voelcker. 



Lord Leigh, of Stoneleigh Abbey, Warwickshire, was 

 elected a Governor of the Society. 



The following new Members were elected : — 

 Baily, Thomas Farmer, Hall-place, Leigh, Tunbridge 

 Bayzand, Joseph, Arrow, Alcester, Warwickshire 

 Bouck, John T , H, Oxford street, Maucheater 

 Uivie?, James, Moor Court, Here'^ordshire 

 De Sails, Kev. Henry Jerome, Wu!gfori Rectory, Osfordahire 

 Docker, Ludfcrd, Paul's Hill, Lei-h, Tunbridge 

 Foster, William O , iM.l'., Stourton Castle, Scoutbridge 

 Harrie, John, Springfield, Bedford 

 Ilawkesley, Archibald, Englefield-green, Surrey 

 James, Tlionas, Coji'e, Bedfordshire. 



Jeykell, IC. J , jiui.. Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester 

 Lascelles, Hon. George Edwin, Moor Hill, Harewood, Leeds 

 Locock. Frederick, Hertford-street, Mayfair, London 

 Lyon, Captain, T. 1)., Soundness House, 'Henley-on-Tharaea 

 Stevenson, Charles Benjauiin, Hennor House, Leominster 

 StiUgoe, Henry, Chapel-Ascot, Southara, Warwickshire 

 Olorenshaw, Joseph, Berksweli, Coventry 

 Pike, William, Steventon, Bedfordshire 

 Piggot, James Algernon, Beckenham Hall, Witham 

 Praed, Wilhara Baokwell.Tyrnighani, Newport-Pagnell, Burks 

 Silver, Rev. Frederick, Nortou-in-Hales, Market Drayton 

 Watt, Gibson, D.ddowloe, Kadnorshire. 



Finances. — Mr. Raymond Barker, Chairman of the 

 Finance Coinmittee, presented the monthly report on the 

 accounts of the Society, from which it appeared that 

 he current cash balance in the hands of the bankers 



was £268, On the motion of Mr. Raymond Barker, 

 the names of Colonel Challoner and Sir John Shelley, 

 Bart., M.P., were added to those of the Duke of Rich- 

 mond and Lord Portman, as trustees for the investment 

 of Stock. 



Agricultural Chemistry. — Mr. Wren Hoskyns, 

 Chairman of the Chemical Committee, read the follow- 

 ing report from Professor Voelcker, the Consulting 

 Chemist of the Society : 



I have the honour of submitting to the chemical committee 

 a short account of the labours that have been entrusted to me 

 by tie Council of the Royal Agricultural Society, since my 

 appointment in February last. 



The January number of the Journal contains the results of 

 an experimental inquiry into the theory of paring and burning', 

 an inqniry with whie.i I had been occupied for some considera- 

 ble tifne before my appointment. 



Tne last published vol'ime contains a full report of experi- 

 ments relating to the germination of turnip seed, and on field 

 experiments upon swedes, which I have undertaken with a view 

 of ascertaining the fertilizing constituents most conducive to 

 the production of an abundant crop of si'edes. Similar ex- 

 periments I have again undertaken this season, and shall coa- 

 tinu2 them from year to year, fir trustworthy deductions cannot 

 be made from field experiments unless such experiments are 

 carried over a number of years. 



While referring to the cultivation of swedes I may observe 



that I have given attention during the past summer to the 



diseases in turnips, and have recently had an opportunity of 



i observing a remarkable case of anbury ; which disease in this 



j special instance could be traced to the deficiency of lime in the 



j whole field, and almost total absence of this constituent in the 



parts of the field in which the roots were most effected by 



j anbury. 



j I have now in hand the soils from parts of the field upon 

 ] which the turnips failed completely, and from other parts of 

 the same field where the roots were less severely affected by 

 that disease, and hope to communicate the results of my 

 inquiry and suggestions to remedy the evil to the Society at a 

 future period. 



The economical advantages of cotton seedcake as an auxiliary 



