DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 



77 



kjr. live weight. The effect of feeding these different nil inns was (initc uniform, 

 as will be seen by the accompanying table. 



Avcrdjjc ildilii ijirld of inilk iritli a siipplciiiciihirii ration of potatoes. 



Period. 



1 

 2 

 3 

 4 

 n 

 6 



Number 

 of cows. 



Supplementary feed. 



Potato flakes 



Raw potatoes 



Potato flakes 



Dried potato chips 



Potato chips soaked in water 

 Potato flakes 



Yield of 

 milk. 



Kg. 

 17.03 

 15.67 

 15.23 

 15.12 

 14.79 

 14.46 



Specific 

 gravity. 



1.0316 

 1. 0321 

 1. 0320 

 1.0322 

 1.0323 

 1. 0323 



Fat. 



Per cent 

 3.23 

 3.19 

 3.15 

 3.04 

 3.11 

 3.04 



Solid.<- 

 not-fat. 



Percent. 

 8.81 

 8.87 

 8.87 

 8.93 

 8.93 

 8.92 



The Swiss Spotted-Cattle Breeders' Association (Latidir. Jahrh. Schiceiz, 

 23 (1909), No. 6, pp. 3o5-39.i). — This contains the yields of milk, i)ercentages of 

 fat in milk, and other data relating to this breed. The annual yield of milk 

 ranged from 1,750.7 to 5.70(!.5 kg., the percentage of fat from 3.40 to 4.40, and 

 that of solids-not-fat from 12.13 to 14.32. 



Annual report of the association for the development of the dairy in- 

 dustry of Hoorn, 1908 {\ii:sta(j Vcr. E.rpJoit. I'rocfzHirrJhorrdcrij Hoorn, 

 J908, pp. 59, pi. 1, fig. I).- — This report includes investigations on short cheese, 

 self-heating of hay, feeding experiments with linseed meal, and trials of a new- 

 churn by F. W. J. Boekhout and K. H. M. Van der Zande, previously reported 

 from other sources. 



The influence of the health of the dairy animal on the nutritive value 

 of milk, Moussu (Hyg. Viandc ct Lait, 3 {1909), No. 10, pp. //7J--J8S).— The 

 author calls attention to the excretory properties of the mammary gland, which 

 is an organ of excretion as well as secretion. Alcohol, ether, chloroform, and 

 l>otassium iodid have been found in milk. If these are in the feed, or other 

 poisons are formed in the body during the lactation period, they may be elimi- 

 nated by the mammary gland. Milk from animals in a diseased or abnormal 

 condition must have less nutritive value and in many cases should be dis- 

 carded altogether. 



The milk of sheep, J. Alvarado y Albo (.1//7c7( Ztg., 38 {1909), No. .',1, pp. 

 482, 483). — The author discusses the value of sheep's milk, especially in hot 

 countries, and suggests that it should be studied from the physiological stand- 

 point as most of our knowledge of milk has been obtained from investigations 

 of cow's milk. 



The relative nutritive value of sterilized, pasteurized, raw, and dried milk, 

 E. C. Aviragnet and M. Pehu (Rev. Hyg. et MM. Infant., 8 (1909), No. 3, pp. 250- 

 261). — The authors conclude that raw milk of good quality is an ideal nourish- 

 ment, and that pasteurization induces little change in the physical and chem- 

 ical character of milk, while considerable change is induced by sterilization; An 

 opinion regarding dried milk is reserved. 



[Copper in certified milk], A. Springer and A. Springer, Jr. (Jour. Indus. 

 and Engin. Chem., 1 (1909), No. 9, pp. 676-678 ) .—Certified milk supplied from 

 a certain dairy was found to contain traces of copper. Upon investigation, the 

 authors found that the origin of the copper was from a boiler compound, and 

 had been transmitted to the milk by means of the live steam employed in steri- 

 lizing the milk cooler. 



Competitive exhibitions of milk and cream, C. B. Lane and I. C. Weld 

 (U. .S'. Dept. Agr., Bur. Anim. Indus. Cire. 151, pp. 36). — This circular contains 

 an account of a competitive exhibition of milk and cream he'd at Pittsburg, Pa., 



