112 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



cent pdlMssiiiiu liydi-fixid solutidii ;iii<l cxtincl inj: witli |ict rnlcinii cllicr (ildniiicd 

 :i jiniyish-wliito crystallino alc-oliolic body which li.id :i iiiclliii}; pohit lying 

 between ;"> and r>C>° C. On acidifying the soap sohition an acid was also obtained, 

 solnbh' in iielroienni ether bnt which crystallized with great ditl'culty. More 

 of this acid, however, was obtained than of the alcohol. The acid had a niclliiig 

 point of ."50° C. 



An elementary analysis of both substances was made and it was found that 

 on comparing the carbon content of each with that in the total kutin the ratio 

 of the acid to alcohol must be 10 : 1. The alcohol contained either 17 atoms of 

 carbon, or a mixture of alcohols containing from 10 to 18 atoms of cari)on in 

 the molecule. The acid is a mixture of bodies, as it docs not crystalliz(> easily, 

 and has an indefinite melting point, and further l)ecause an ester whose alcohol 

 contains IT atoms of carbon and its acid 10 to the molecule must contain more 

 than an equal amount of the former. On comparing the above this was not 

 apparent. 



Determination of starch by means of trichloracetic acid, P. Biourge (Abs. 

 in Chcm. Ztg., 33 (1909), No. 103, Rcpert., p. .'t ',(>). —The starch is dissolved in 

 trichloracetic acid in a closed flask and heated for 2~> minutes at 1 atmosphere. 

 It is then filtered and the filtrate made uji to a bulk of 110 to 12.^ cc, clarified 

 with clay, and polarized in a 200 mm. tube. The value thus obtained agrees 

 sufficiently well with the true results for quick analytical work. The rotation 

 of starch is taken as 200° but if the value aD=197° is used, the results are 

 much more exact. The presence of other carbohydrates interferes with the 

 results and these must be removed with barium hydroxid and alcohol. 



The sugars in asparagus, G. Tankkt (Bui. Sac. Chhn. Frwiice, Jf. so:, 5 

 (1909), No. 16-17, pp. 889-895; Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], 1J,9 (1909), 

 No. 1, pp. .',8-30; abs. in Chem. ZeritbL, 1909, II, No. 8, pp. 633, 63'/).— The 

 new sugars, asparagose and pseudo-asparagose, were isolated from the root 

 and green berries. They were not found to occur in the j'oung sprouts or in 

 the ripe fruits, in both of which only reducing sugar occurs. 



The occurrence of pinene in lemon oil, E. 'Si. Chace ( U. 8. Dept. Agr., Bur. 

 Chem. Circ. Ji6, pp. 2-'t, figs. 2). — As the result of extensive investigations carried 

 on in Sicily as to the manufacture of lemon oil, it is stated that the contention 

 of the Bureau of Chemistry of this Department that certain Sicilian lemon oils 

 were adulterated, either by the addition of turpentine or by some manipulation 

 in the method of manufacture, is substantiated. 



The circular contains a discussion of methods of analysis and reports the 

 results obtained in the examination of a number of samples of lemon oils. 



According to the author, the only reasonable conclusion from his investigation 

 " would seem to be that where pinene is found in lemon oil, using only ordinary 

 means of distillation, it is prima facie proof of adulteration, whether or not the 

 physical constants of the oil are abnormal." 



Determination of sodium benzoate in ketchups, W. E. Hillyer (Jour. Indus, 

 and EngUi. Chem., 1 (1909), No. 8, pp. 538-o'fO). — This method is based on the 

 differences in solubility of silver benzoate and silver nitrate in ethyl alcohol. 



Carbonophosphates in milk, A. Barille (Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], 

 1J,9 (1909), No. 5, pp. 356-358; abs. in Jour. Soc. Chem. Indus., 28 (1909), 

 No. 17, p. 957). — The author assumes the pi'esence of carbonophosphates proved 

 by the fact that calcium carbonate and dicalcium phosphate are precipitated 

 when milk is heated at 50° C. for 24 hours. Carbon dloxid is also liberated at 

 this temperature and is jirobably produced by the decomposition of the car- 

 bouophosi)hates. 



A volumetric method for the determination of casein in milk, L. L. A'an 

 Slyke and A. W. Bosworth (Neio York 8tute Hta. Tech. Bui. 10, pp. 231-2.'i9, 



