EURAL ENGINEERING. 189 



A trypanosome of the fowl, C. .Mathis and M. Leger (Compt. Rend. Hoc. Biol. 

 [Paris] . 67 (1909), No. 30, pp. //J^-.).5.}, fifj. i).— The authors here describe a 

 trypanosorue which they found during the course of investigations of the para- 

 sites of the blood of the domestic fowl in Tonliiu, to which they give the name 

 Trypanosoma calmettei. The parasite is rarely found and does not appear to be 

 pathogenic. 



Studies on the spirochetosis of fowls caused by Spirochaeta gallinarum, 

 L. Blaizot {Compt. Rend. Hoc. Biol. [Paris], 67 il909), Nos. 2.9, pp. Jt2l-J,23; 30, 

 pp. 'i-'P'-'iYJ)- — The author finds that when the disease is transmitted by ticks 

 (Argas persicus), the chickens almost always die before or on the day the spiro- 

 chetes appear in the blood. In direct passage, by the injection of blood, the 

 virulence of the spirochetes constantly increases as the transmission from fowl 

 to fowl is continued. 



The occurrence of spirochetosis of fowls in Somaliland, E. Brumpt (Compt. 

 Rend. Soc. Biol. [Paris], 61 (1909), No. 26, pp. i7-'/-i~6).— Spirochetosis pro- 

 duced in fowls through the application of ticks (Argas persicus) received from 

 Dirredaoua, Somaliland, was found to be due to Hpirochwta gallinarum. This 

 tick is said to have been the source of a considerable loss of poultry at Dirre- 

 daoua. The author recognizes 4 species that are the cause of si)irochetosis of 

 fowls, namely, S. anserina in Caucasia ; S. gallinarum in Brazil, South Gran, 

 and Somaliland; 8. neveuxi in St. Louis, Senegal; and 8. nicollei in the oasis 

 of Degache, Tunis. 



The ectoparasites of the red grouse, A. E. Shipley (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 

 1909, II. pp. 309-33.',, pis. /.i).— Noted from another source (E. S. R., 21, p. 183). 



The tapeworms of the red grouse, A. E. Shipley and W. Bygrave (Proc. Zool. 

 8oc. London, 1909, II, pp. 351-363, pis. 5). — The 3 species of tapeworm which 

 live in the alimentary canal of the grouse are Davainca urogalli, D. ccsticillus, 

 and Hymenolepsis microps. Examinations made of certain insects and arach- 

 nids for the cysts of these 3 species have been without results. 



The threadworms of the red grouse, A. E. Shipley (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 

 1909, II, pp. 33.')-3.50, pis. 8). — Trichostrongtjlus pergracilis, the red or fork 

 worm (Syngamus traclicalis), Trichosoma longicollc, and Heterakis papillosa 

 are the species here described as the source of disease in red grouse. 



Internal parasites of birds allied to the grouse, A. E. Shipley {Proc. Zool. 

 Soc. London, 1909, II, pp. 363-368). — This is an annotated list of the cestode, 

 trematode, and nematode parasites of the grouse, the ptarmigan, the black 

 cock, and the cai^ercaillie. 



[]Srotes on endoparasites], A. Henry (Bui. Soc. Cent. Med. Vet., 86 (1909), 

 Xo. /-}, pp. 297-209). — The occurrence of a very large Coenurus in a rabbit, a 

 Cysticercus in a hare, and an intestinal obstruction in a dog, caused by Tcenia 

 cccnurus, is noted. 



RURAL ENGINEERING. 



Review of ten years of Irrigation Investigations, It. P. Teele ( U. S. Dept. 

 Agr., Office Erpt. Stas. Rpt. 1908, pp. 355--'i03). — This is a summary of the 

 work of the Irrigation Investigations of this Office during the ten years since 

 the inauguration of that work by Congress. It contains tabular summaries of 

 the investigations of the duty of water, losses in transmission, checking of 

 seepage losses, lining of canals, losses by evaporation and percolation, pumping 

 water for irrigation, windmills, the use of alcohol as a fuel for pumping water 

 for irrigation, construction of earthen reservoirs for storing storm water in 

 the semiarid region, irrigation of rice, and irrigation in the humid sections of 

 the United States. These summaries contain little matter which has not been 

 included in previous bulletins, but bring together results there published. 



