HORTICULTURE. 241 



lip for tho development of the grape and wine industries. An appendix con- 

 tains the report of C. Mayer, agricultural assistant, on the work in connection 

 with viticulture during the season of 1903. 



Report of the government viticultural expert for the half-year ended 

 June 30, 1904, R. Dubois et al. {Cape Good Hope Dept. Agr., Rpt. Govt. Vit. 

 Expert, I'.lO.'i, June 30, pp. 23). — This report includes summary reports from 

 those in charge of different sections of the viticultural worl<. together with a 

 survey of the general worlv of the viticultural lirancli. which is discussed under 

 the following heads: Organization of the branch, educational worl<, and inspec- 

 tion work. Advice and recommendations regarding questions pertaining to the 

 grape and wine industry are also included. 



The outlook for apple growing in the Ozarks, E. Walkkr ( Proc. Ark. State 

 Hart. Soe. 1000, pp. 10.1-111, figs. //). — A paper on this subject in which the 

 author outlines the present status of apple growing in the Ozark region, and 

 makes an appeal for mf)re thorough orcliard management, suggestions being 

 given relative to methods of cultivation, pruning, spraying, packing, and mar- 

 Iveting. 



The influence of stock on scion in the graftage of plums, F. A. Waugh 

 (MasmchmettH ma. Rpt. 1008, pt. 2, pp. n.',-tS2, figs. -)).— In 1899 the author 

 began a series of ex[)eriments in cross-grafting plums at the Vermont Station, 

 in which the Milton and several other varieties were grafted on the Americana, 

 Wayland, Mariauna, and peacli stocks. The results secured in this work fi*om 

 1900 to 1905 have been noted (E. t?. R., 17, p. 1009), and comparative notes 

 based on a large number of measurements of the trees made by C. S. Pomeroy 

 in 1908 are here reported, showing the growth behavior of the Milton variety 

 on the various stocks. The other cross-grafted varieties are said to have shown 

 substantially the same modifications. The characters specially reported on 

 include the form and size of the loaf, marginal serrations, and rate of growth. 

 Variations along these lines are illustrated by tabular data and g;*aphic curves, 

 and discussed. 



The conclusion is reached that distinct modifications do occur in plum trees 

 due to the influence of the stocks in which they are grafted, these influ- 

 ences appearing to extend to all characters of leaf, twig, habit of growth, etc. 

 Similar observations have not as yet been made for the fruit. In the experi- 

 ments reported, the Marianna stock in particular seems to produce the most 

 obvious changes in the growth of scions, these changes being evidenced in 

 broader leaves, finer marginal serrations, greater annual growth, larger inter- 

 nodes, greater diameter of branches, and greater variability in all characters. 



On the treatment of trees which are barren as a result of too deep planting, 

 C. John (Deut. Obsfhau Ztg., 1900, A'o. 31, pp. .iGO-J/JS, figs. 11).— The author 

 points out that one of the principal causes of unfruitfulness and of the sickly 

 condition of many fruit trees is too deep planting of the trees. In his own 

 experience, trees thus planted, and which failed to bear fruit, have been brought 

 into abundant fruitfulness by removing the strong adventitious roots which 

 have formed on the upper part of the root collar or about the base of the stem. 

 His method of procedure is described. 



How to preserve ripe fruits for exhibition purposes (Rogue River Fruit 

 Grower, 1 (1000), No. 7, pp. 12, i3).— This consists of general directions for pre- 

 serving specimen fruits, together with the formulas used by the U. S. Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture and a formula used in California, as well as a list of fruits 

 and of the preservatives to be used in each case. 



Report of the coffee expert, J. W. van Leekthoff (Porto Rico 8ta. Rpt. 1008, 

 pp. 33, 34). — The yield of the coffee crop as a whole was unfavorably influenced 



