ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY EXTOMOLOGY. 253 



injurious insects of minor iuiitorlance wliirli appeareil in Denmark during the 

 years 1!M)T-.S. 



Reports of injurious insects in Finland in 1906—7, E. Keutf.r (Landthr. 

 Styr. Meddel., J90D, Nos. 6.'t, pp. 17; 60, pp. 26). — The author here reports upon 

 the insects of economic importance in Finland during the years 1906 and 1907. 

 The occurrence of several fungus diseases is also noted. 



A handbook of the destructive insects of Victoria, ■with notes on the 

 methods to be adopted to check and extii-pata thena, C. French (Melbourne, 

 1891, pt. 1, pp. lo3+ir, pis. 21; 1893, pt. 2, pp. 222, pis. 32; 1900, pt. 3, pp. 

 229, pis. Ji6; 1909, pt. .'i, pp. 19.5, pis. 3'/). — The accounts here given of insects of 

 economic importance are accompanied by colored plates which illustrate their 

 life history, injury, and natural enemies. 



Standards of the number of egg's laid by insects, VIII, A. A. Girault 

 (Eiii. ^e^i■s, 20 (1909), No. 8, pp. J.J.5-3.77).— Records of counts made of 20 egg 

 masses each of Chionaspis americana, C. pinifoliw, C. salicis, and the oyster- 

 shell scale are reiiorted. 



The life history of the agrionid dragon fly, F. Balfoxjr-Buowne (Proe. 

 Zool. Soc. London, 1909, II, pp. 253-285, pis. 2, chart 1). — In these studies 

 nymphs were first fed upon Paramoecia which thej- ate readily. As they grew 

 the Paramoecia were replaced by daphnids, of which they caught and demol- 

 lished large specimens. The daphnids are said to have served as food all 

 through the nymph stage after the protozoa became insufficient. 



A bil)liogra])liy of 2.'i titles relating to the biology of the Odouata is appended. 



Destruction of houtkapper white ants (Agr. .lour. Cape Good Hope, 35 

 {1909), Ao. 1, pp. 81, 82, fig. 1). — The ant destroyer machine here described is 

 said to have been used with good results in the destruction of termites. While 

 manj' kinds of true ants can also be readily destroyed in their nests and runs 

 with the aid of this apparatus, it is not at all applicable to Iridomyrmcx humilis 

 which has become a nuisance in and about many colonial towns. 



The periodical cicada in Massachusetts, C. W. Hooker (Massachusetts Sta. 

 Rpt. 1908, pt. 2, pp. 200-210). — Four species of cicada (Cicada septendecim, 

 C. cunicularis, C. saiji, and C. linnet) are said to be commonly found in Massa- 

 chusetts, while two others (C. rimosa and C. Jiierogli/phicd) occur but are not 

 common. Although the periodical cicada has not been recorded from Maine 

 and is'ew Hampshii-e and only twice from Vermont, the rest of New England 

 has parts of several well-defined broods which are more or less important. 

 The earliest known record of the occurrence of this species was at Plymouth, 

 Mass., in IGP.o. Massachusetts is credited with 4 broods, and members of a 

 fifth have probably entered the State. The history of each brood is here 

 reviewed. 



The first brood, which occurs in Barnstable and Plymouth counties, last ap- 

 peared in 1900. Part of the second brood occurs in Dukes County and last 

 appeared in 1900. The third brood, which was due to appear in 190.3, seems 

 to have died out in Massachusetts, while the fourth brood reported by Fitch 

 to occur in the southeastern part of Massachusetts is, if still active in the 

 State, small and of no importance. No colony of the fifth brood has been re- 

 ported in Massachusetts, but they come so close to the state line on the south- 

 west that stragglers at least must have crossed into Massachusetts when they 

 last appeared in 1894. 



An annotated Iiibliography of 26 titles is appended to the account. 



The cane sucker, F. W. rRicii (Dept. Agr. Trinidad, Bui. Agr. Inform., 1909, 

 n. ser.. No. 61, pp. .'t3-.'f5, pi. i).— The larvse of Castnia licvs are said to have in- 

 jured a large percentage of the sugar-cane stools in one district in Trinidad. 

 The pest also appears to injure the banana and coconut. 



