314 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



The appearance and return of cold waves, E. Lkss (Landtc. Jahrh., 38 

 {I'.mn. i:n;,iii:uii!/sh. .',. /»/(. }0.>-//;?,3. /iys. J,). — Various types are charted and 

 disfUssiMl. 



Variations in climate, 10. liuik-KNKR (Mitt. Dent. Landw. GcselL, 2.'f (100!)), 

 \(>. .17, /III. .'>.'>ii-'>tll ). — Viirialions in toniijerature jiml rainfall for the northern 

 lu'iiiisiilifrc, i>iit esitec-ially for (Jerniany. lor loiii,' periods of years are Kiven 

 and discussed, and a i-ertain periodieily in rainfall and correlation between 

 rrop yields and cliniatic variations in the (Jerniau Knipire are shown. 



Local temperature forecasting- by differences in temperature between 

 Mount Royal and McGill College Observatory, ('. II. McLeoo and II. '1'. 

 liAK.NKs {I'roi: and Trans. Rot/. Sov. Canada, 3. set:, 2 (1008), Sect. Ill, pi). 

 157-162, fiiiH. ^).— This is a continuation of studies (E. S. II., 20, p. 513) which 

 have shown that the difference in temperature between tlie high level and low 

 level stations furnishes a satisfactory means of predicting temperature condi- 

 tions at the low-level station a day in advance. This is l)ase(l upon the fact, 

 which seems to be well established, " that the comparatively low regions of the 

 ujiper atmosphere show advance changes over those at the earth's surface, 

 whereas above the inversion layer there appears to be a lag." Examples of the 

 successful ai)plication of the method are given. 



The prediction of periods of good weather {Bui. Internat. Bur. Cent. Met. 

 France, 50 H<)09), No. 223, pp. J,; abs. in Rev. Sci. [Paris], J,7 (1909), II, No. 

 20, p. 627). — The inauguration of the pi'actice of making such predictions by 

 the French and English meteorological services is referred to. 



Observations on air currents by means of pilot balloons, R. Bornstein 

 {Landtc. •lalirb.. 3S ilUO'.)). Knjiinznnfjsh. ,7, f)p. 3'.>5-'iO'i, fif/s. 6). — A series of 

 observations is rejiorted and charted. 



Deficient humidity of the atmosphere — II, Comparisons of various forms 

 of hygrometers, T. A. Starkey and H. T. Barnes (Proc. and Trans. Roy. Soc. 

 Canada, 3. scr., 2 (1908), Sect. Ill, pp. 187-193). — In continuation of previous 

 investigations (E. S. R., 19, p. 414) a study was made of the pi-ecise conditions 

 under which the wet and dry bulb instrument gives accui'ate readings or deduc- 

 tions. It is shown that "the instrument can be manipulated so as to give faii'ly 

 approximate results, but hitherto no conditions have been attached to its use; 

 the well known tables of (Jlaisher have always been taken as correct and 

 sullicient without further data, but [it is shown that] results may be obtained 

 differing widely in their nature by simply altering the conditions of the instru- 

 ment, and of the currents of air around it, etc." 



Atmospheric electricity, E. Thomson (Science, n. scr., 30 (1909), No. 781, 

 pp. 857-809). — An important feature of this paper is a discussion of the nature 

 and origin of electrical storms or disturbances in the atmosphere, including a 

 consideration of lightning flashes or strokes and their control. 



Annual report of the director of the [Philippine] Weather Bureau for 

 the year 1907 (Ann. lipt. [I'hilipptnc] Weather Btir., 1907, pt. 1, pp. 153).— 

 A record of hourly meteorological observations at the Manila Central Observa- 

 tory during the year. 



Meteorological observations (Ann. Statis. Citij ToXio. 6 (1909), pp. 1-15). — 

 Observations on temjierature, pressure, precipitation, humidity, and wind made 

 at Tokyo since 1.SS2 are summarized in tabular form. 



Meteorology [of British Guiana], A. W. Bartlett (Hattdhook Brit. Guiana, 

 1909, pp. 91-100). — A sununary is given of observations for varying periods of 

 years on pressure, temperature, rainfall, humidity, sunshine, and wind, at the 

 Botanic Gardens, (ieorgetown, and other places in British Guiana. 



It is stated that the climate of this region compares very favorably with that 

 of most tropical countries. The mean annual temperature, 1899 to 1908, was 



