342 EXPEHIMENT STATION RECORD. 



The book of fern culture, A. Hemsley (Loiuloti and New York, 1908, pp. 

 VUl + tJJ, pLs. JeS).— A practiful handbook containing general directions for 

 growing ferns for different purposes, including specific cultural directions for 

 growing various classes of ferns. 



FORESTRY. 



Silviculture. C. Heyer (Der Waldhaii odrr die Foist produktenzucht . Lcip- 

 Mc -//,-/ l!< rlin, niOG, vol. 1, 5. ed., pp. \I 1+518. figs. 331; 1909, vol. 2. 5. rd.. pp. 

 VI +302, ftys. 57). — Tlie present revised and enlarged edition of this work, which 

 is edite<l by R. Hess, is issued in 2 volumes. Volume 1 covers the preparatory 

 phases of silviculture, such as selection of site, soils, and species, regeneration 

 by natiiral and artificial means, seed bed, nursery and planting practices, and 

 the necessary equipment for these operations. A^olume 2 deals directly with the 

 application of various silvicultural systems in developing and managing stands 

 of various deciduous and coniferous species intended for timber alone and 

 with those intended for botli timber and minor forest products. Consideration 

 is also given to the conversion from one silvicultural system to another. 



Forest taxation, H. Weber (Die licsteuerung des Waldes. Frankfort-on- 

 ihr-Main, 1909, pp. X+555). — The puriwse of this work is to present the valid 

 principles of forest taxation and to discuss their accuracy from the standpoint 

 of legitimate tax distribution, with the view of presenting some light on the 

 question of forest taxation, which is continually becoming of increasing im- 

 portance. Tlie first 2 sections of the work are devoted to a discussion of the 

 general subject of taxation and revenues. Succeeding sections deal with direct 

 taxes, the liistory of their development, the present status in Oermany and 

 neighboring countries, the taxation of forest revenues on the basis of general 

 revenue taxes, and tli(^ taxation of forest yields, present and future. 



Deforestation and its effects among the hills of southern Indiana, G. Cul- 

 BERTSON {Proc. lud. Aeofi. ^ei., 1908, pp. 27-37). — In this paper the author en- 

 deavors to show the relation between deforestation in southern Indiana and 

 the greatly increased run-off and decreased ground water supply of that region, 

 together with the probable tendency of deforestation toward the reduction 

 of the rainfall during the late summer months. 



A tentative scheme for the utilization of waste lands, B. E. Fernow {Farm 

 and Diiinj \ihilario], 28 (1909), Yo. 5/, ;*/*. 3, /,. figs. 5).— Formulated plans 

 adaptable to reforesting sand areas of Durham and Northumberland counties, 

 Ontario, are i)resented and briefly discussed. 



On the drying up of forest plantings in the steppes, N. Stepanov (Lyesn. 

 Zhur., 38 {1908), A o. 10, pp. 1323-1333; abs. in Zhur. Optiitn. Agron. (Russ. 

 Jour. Expt. Landw.), 10 (,1909), No. 3, p. 360).— The author presents data to 

 show that the dying out of forest plantings in the Russian steppes is not due 

 to a lack of the chief fertilizing elements in the soil as contended by Kravkov 

 (E. S. R., 20. p. 618). Analyses made of the soil in perishing plantations 

 showed as liigh a content of phosphoric acid and potash as in the soil of thriv- 

 ing i)lantati<)ns. 



Marking in practice, A. B. Recknagel (Forestry Quart., 7 (1909), No. 4, pp. 

 396-399, pi. 1). — The methods of marking timber actually employed in the 

 national forests are described. 



Methods of determining the time of the year at which timber was cut, 

 R. ZoN (Forestry Quart, 7 (1909), .Vo. ',, pp. J,02-.'t09. pi. /).— The author 

 points out the greater economic value of wood cut in winter over that cut in 

 summer, and reviews our present knowledge relative to methods of determin- 

 ing the time of year at which timber was cut. Particular attention is given to 



