DISEASES OF PLANTS. 349 



the author has described the callus disease of raspbei-ries, aud attributed it to 

 frost or other injuries. Since that publication attention has been called to some 

 similar diseases, and a rose canker, due to Coniothyrium fuckclii, has been de- 

 scribed (E. S. R., 20, p. 850) that in some ways seems to resemble the disease 

 the author has been investigating. His previous investigations were repeated, 

 but studies made of the material have shown that while tlie fungus C. fnckelii 

 may be present in the older portions of the callus, it is thought to be there only 

 as a saprophyte and that it is not the direct cause of the trouble. 



Experiments in combating the downy mildew of the grape, (J. LUstner 

 (Ber. K. Lehranst. Wein, Obst u. Gartenhau Geiseiiheim, J 90S, piJ. Ill, 112). — 

 A brief tabulated report is given of experiments for the control of the downy 

 mildew of the grape, in which vines were sprayed with various strengths of 

 Cucasa, a trade preparation, the base of which is cor)i)er, a copper-soda prepa- 

 ration, Tenax, sea salt, and milk of lime. 



The best results were obtained where 1 or 4 per cent Cucasa or 1 per cent 

 copper-soda mixtures were used. Sea salt and solutions of sea salt and milk 

 of lime were without value in reducing the iimonnt of disease and the yield 

 of crops was materially lessened where they liad been employed. 



The early treatment against the mildew of grapes, J. Guicherd {Prog. 

 Af/r. (I ^ il. il'UI. VEHt-Vcntrc), 30 (1900), \o. 21, pp. 621-62//). —Attention is 

 callei^l to the desiral»ility of thorough spraying early in the season for the con- 

 trol of downy mildew of grapes, and the author thinks that for these earlier 

 applications nothing is gained by reducing the strength of the fungicides. At 

 this time the strongest fungicide should be used, while at a later period the use 

 of more dilute ones will be found advantageous. The first application, which 

 should be made just before the flowering period, is held to be the most impor- 

 tant. The second application should be made after the falling of the flowers, 

 but if there is evidence that the fungus is spreading rapidly and the flowering 

 period is considerably delayed, it is stated that the second treatment could be 

 made during the flowering period without serious injury. 



In this connection attention is called to a form of copper called copper oxy- 

 chlorid, which, it is claimed, is very efficient for use against the downy mildew. 



A remedy for the gray rot of grapes, E. Total (Prog. Agr. ct Vit. (Ed. 

 VEat-Centre), 30 (1909), No. 1,3, p. 7/99).— For the prevention of gray rot of 

 grapes the author recommends a treatment which he claims is very simple and 

 efBcient. This consists of thinning the leaves on the north side of the vines 

 and spraying with Bordeaux mixture to which soap is added to make it more 

 adherent. The treatment should be made about July 25, or at the stage when 

 the grapes have just about reached their full size. If the fungicide is thor- 

 oughly applied at this time the author claims that no further troul)le may l)e 

 anticipated from this disease. 



The apple mildew and its control, J. Erikssox (Prakt. B1. Pflanzenbau u. 

 Schuts, n. ser.. 7 ( 1909), Xo. 6, pp. 73-77, figs. 5; 7, pp. 96-99, fig. i).— A de- 

 scription is given of apple mildew, caused by Sphwrotheca leueotricha, or 

 Podosphara leueotricha, as it is now known. 



For the control of this disease the author recommends collecting and burning 

 the leaves and affected shoots, spraying with a 1 per cent solution of copper 

 sulphate, or of potassium .sulphid, together with the digging in of lime in the 

 soil about the trees. In the spring befox'e the leaves appear a thorough spray- 

 ing should be given the trees, and this should be repeated after blooming. Par- 

 ticular attention should be paid to nursery trees, that infected ones are not 

 transplanted. 



Characteristics of apple-tree anthracnose, A. B. Cordley (Better Fruit, 4 

 (1909), No. Jf, pp. 13-17, figs. 6). — The author describes the apple-tree anthrac- 



