352 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



steaui. Ten minutes" exposure of infected leaves to a temperature of 43° C 

 Ivilled all nematodes. There is some evidence also that soil may be sterilize<l 

 by the injection of carbon bisuli)hid. The amount ust^d should be about 3 gm. 

 of carbon bisulphid to 10 liters of soil. 



ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY— ENTOMOLOGY. 



Cave vertebrates of America, C. H. Eigenmann (Carnegie Inst. Wa/ihing- 

 fan. Pub. lOJ,, pp. lX-\-2Jtl, pis. 31, figs. 72; rev. in Nature [London], 82 (JOO!)), 

 \(>. 20S!). j). J/O). — A study in dei^eneralive evolution. 



Protection of woodlands in Ireland, III, A. ('. Fokbks (Dept. Agr. and 

 Tech. Instr. Ireland Jour., 9 UDO'J), No. 3, pp. .'/77W,,S^, pis. Jt, figs. 2).— Direc- 

 tions are Riven for the protection of trees against domestic animals, rabbits, 

 s(piirrels. and other small animals ( E. S. R.. 22, p. 1G2). 



Methods of destroying rabbits generally adopted, A. Crawford (Jour. 

 Dept. Agr. West. Aust., 18 {1909), No. 9, pp. 633-638 ) .—Directions for making 

 and usins different imisons are civen by the chief inspector. 



Pathology and bacteriology of plague in squirrels, G. W. McCoy (Jour. 

 Infect. Diseases, 6 (1909), No. 5, pp. 676-687). — This report is based upon an 

 examination of 70 plague-infected ground squirrels (Citellus heecheyi) which 

 came under observation in California during the sunnner of 1909. 



" Plague in the ground squirrel is a disease that is readily recognized by the 

 gross anatomical changes it produces. The commonest lesion, and often the 

 only one is a bubo. Many of the cases are probably examples of subacute or 

 chronic plague. In many cases the bacilli found in squirrel plague are highly 

 virulent for guinea pigs and white rats, in other cases the virulence is some- 

 what reduced. Smear preparations are negative for pest-like bacilli in the 

 majority of cases. It is inisafe to trust to the cutaneous method of inoculation 

 alone, as it will sometimes fail when the subcutaneous method yields positive 

 results." 



Pield mice and their natural enemies, Frances I*itt (Count nj Life [Lon- 

 don]. 26 (1909), No. 673, pp. 737-739, figs. 4).— Hawks, owls, foxes, stoats, 

 weasels, and hedgehogs are mentioned as important enemies of field mice. 



A preliminary report on tumors found in wild rats, G. W. McCoy (Jour. 

 Med. Researcli, 21 (1909), No. 2. pp. 28.j-2.06.).— During the period from June 1, 



1908, to May 15, 1909, about 100,000 rats were examined at the P>deral Plague 

 Laboratory, at San Francisco, Cal. Among these 103 were found which pre- 

 sented tumors suitable for examination. 



The sarcomas of the liver are said to have been of special interest as these 

 are usually associated with the pi'esence of the parasite Cysticercus fasciolaris, 

 a stage in the development of Taenia crassieolUs found in the cat. This parasite 

 is usually sun-ounded by a thin, translucent membranous capsule. When there 

 is a distinct tumor formation the parasite is almost invariably dead and often 

 partly disintegrated. Of the tumors of the subcutaneous tissue, which are 

 reported in detail in tabular form, there were 16 fibromas, 1 lipoma, 5 sacro- 

 mas, 9 fibroadenomas and adenofibromas, 19 adenomas, 4 carcinomas (including 

 fibrocarcinomas and adenocarcinomas), and 2 cystic adenomas. 



Notes on the birds of San Domingo, with a list of the species, including 

 a new hawk, A. E. and A. II. Verrill (Proc. Acad. Nat. 8ci. Phila., 61 {1909), 

 pt. 2, pp. 352-366). — An annotated list in which 112 species are recorded. The 

 avifauna of Ran Domingo is said to be remarkable for the number of species 

 peculiar to the island, many of which are confined to special, isolated localities. 



British birds for cages, aviaries, and exhibition, S. W. Birchley (London, 



1909, vols. I, PI), XlV-\-302, pis. J,o; 2, pp. VIlI-\-23Jf, pis. 52).— Under the 72 



