ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 355 



plant lice was caught to each row of peas 125 rods long. Whole fields of onions 

 are reported to have been destroyed by root maggots, cabbages, caulitlowers, 

 and radishes also being injured. In British Columbia, the maggots were still 

 at work when the onions were taken up in the autumn. 



The apple maggot continues to be prevalent in certain districts of Ontario 

 and Quebec. The codling moth was again reported as very destructive in 

 many districts of these provinces; in Canada, east of Toronto, there is usually 

 but one annual brood, while west of Toronto there ai-e two. the second of 

 which is the more destructive. It has been found where the second brood 

 occurs, that in addition to spring spraying it is necessary to band the trees 

 with burlap, sacking, or other material which will form a refuge in which 

 the caterpillars will spin their cocoons. From 20 trees banded in an orchard 

 near Ottawa on August 15. 129 cocoons were fallen when examined August 31, 

 157 during September, and 34 in October. Both the white-marked tussock- 

 moth (Hemerocampa leucostigma) and the rusty tussock-moth {Notolophus 

 antiqua), particularly the former, have been abundant in orchards in the Mari- 

 time I'rovinces for the last few years and in some instances have been the cause 

 of considerable injury. Cankerworms did much damage in many of the Maritime 

 Provinces, particularly in Nova Scotia. The pear leaf blister mite ( EriopJiyes 

 pijri). which occurs in every part of Canada where the pear is grown, is steadily 

 spreading in the apple-growing districts of southern Ontario. 



A brief report of the apiary by D. D. (Jray is appended. 



Report of the government entomolog'ist for th.e year 1908, C. P. LouNs- 

 BURV {Rpt. Govt. Ent. [Cape Good Hope], 1908, pp. 55-70). — In the plant and 

 fruit import inspection. 50 winter webs of the brown-tail moth were found in 

 a consignment of pear seedlings from France, and several lots of South Aus- 

 tralian and Canadian apples were rejected on account of Fusicladium. Of the 

 192 nurseries registered, quarantine was placed on 22 as a whole or in part, 

 owing to the failure to eradicate proclaimed pests. The codling moth regula- 

 tions and the bee and honey regulations are briefly considered. 



An imported woolled Persian sheep exposed to an attack of heartwater 

 through the application of infected ticks developed the disease and died. It is 

 considered that this test, if a safe criterion, shows that this class of sheep is 

 quite as fatally susceptible to heartwater as the merino, and in this respect 

 behaves quite unlike the ordinary black-headed Persian sheep, which takes the 

 disease only mildly. 



The Spanish codling moth parasite (Vdlicptiialtcs messer) . introduced in 

 January, bred well in confinement at first and a substantial colony of impreg- 

 nated females was liberated under favorable conditions. The progress made 

 during the year, however, was disappointing and the author is of the opinion 

 that this parasite will be of no substantial benefit. Fruit fly parasites were 

 received from West Australia, but. due to the great scarcity of the fruit fly 

 maggots, they appear to have failed to have become established. The parasite 

 {Huntcrellus hookcri) of the brown dog tick {Rhipiccphahis tcxanus), for- 

 warded by this Department, failed to attack the Cape Colony ticks, but the host 

 of the parasite will be bred in an attempt to induce the parasite to attack 

 closely related species. Great success is said to liave been achieved in multi- 

 plying Blastophaga grossorum, which, is necessary for the natural pollination 

 of edible figs. The red-winged locust was abundant near the coast throughout 

 the Transkeian territories in the early part of the year and on the whole was 

 much the same as in several years past. The brown locust, however, appeared 

 in the voetganger stage only in inconsequent swarms, and at few places, south 

 of the Orange River. 



28918— No. -I— 10 5 



