360 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



r(iim(lin.L;s willi litllr flTcct on colorat ion. in.-irkiiijj;. or scales. Motlerate cold and 

 moisture i-esiilte<l in the scales of these and other species beconiiu^' narrower and 

 smaller. In cases where; the temperature was below zero, enlarged and broad- 

 ened scales sometimes resulted, and there were changes in the coloring and in 

 the antenme of the female of /'. di.'^iKir. which api)roached the male in appearance. 



The flower-bud maggot of cotton (Contarinia gossypii), H. A. IUllou 

 {]Vcst Iiidiun Bill., 10 (lUU'J), Xo. 1, pi). l-.iS, Jigs. i)).—']:\ie cotton growers in 

 Antigua suffered serious loss in 1907-8 due to the attaclv of this cecidomyid. 

 The egg has not been discovered, but is thought to be inserted in the tissues of 

 the flower bud. The maggots ai'e found in the flower bud among the essential 

 organs. When very young l)uds are attaclced the injury causes them to fall 

 oft", but larger buds seem to be better al)Ie to withstand the effects of the at- 

 taclv. In cases of severe attack the very smallest buds are infested, in which 

 case the bracts surrounding them flare back instead of remaining closed. P.uds, 

 the bracts of which have fl;ired. are always found to be injured and generally 

 to contain the flower-bud maggot, and such buds invariably drop very soon 

 after flaring. 



It is believed that the maggots live and feed among the developing anthers 

 in buds of all stages, but that when the buds drop or are picked off the plant 

 they very soon leave the bud, tlie full-grown maggots to pupate- in the ground 

 and the younger ones apparently to find fresh feeding places. In February, 

 the infestation in certain fields was as high as 100 per cent, so that during a 

 period of several weelis no flowers opened, and no bolls were formed. In March, 

 in the same fields, many of the buds were escaping the attack and the new 

 bolls formed in November were beginning to ripen, but these fields had lost 

 about 4 months of bearing. During the month the attack continued but became 

 less and less severe until with the continued dry weather it disappeared en- 

 tirely in April. 



^actogaster rufiiJcs was seen on nearly every flower bud and flower and may 

 be a parasite of the pest. Two other species, a Catolaccus and a Leptacis, were 

 also found in cotton fields. It is thought that tliese parasites were probably an 

 important factor in bringing the attack to a close. Remedial measures applied 

 were witliout result. 



Observations on Culicidae, B. G.'i.LLi- Valeric and J. Rochaz de Jongh {Centbl. 

 Bakt. [etc.], 1. Aht.. Orig.. .',!) (1909), No. J,, pp. 553-558, fig. i).— The authors 

 report the results of investigations conducted near Lausanne, Switzerland, in 

 1907-8. These include observations on hibernation, breeding places, blood suck- 

 ing, oviposition. and experiments on the destruction of larvfe and nymphs. 



Contribution to the study of the mosquitoes of Cuba, J. H. Pazos {Hanidad 

 y Bene fie, Bol. Of. Hec. \Viihn\, 2 {1909). Xo.s. J. pp. 29-6.1,, fig. 1; 2, pp. 177- 

 192, figs. 8). — Forty-five s])ecies of mosquitoes are recorded from Cuba. 



Investigations of muscid larvse entoparasitic on arthropods, .T. C. Nielsen 

 {Ent. Meddel. ICopenhagen], 2. sci:, J, {1909), No. 1, pp. 128, pJs. J,; rev. in 

 Science, n. ser., 31 {1910), No. 788, pp. 195, 196). — This paper contains descrip- 

 tions of the metamori)hosis of several species of Tachininse and Dexiiure, 

 together with data on the l)iology of the larvje. 



Among the species considered are Ptychoinyin selecta and Bactromyia anru- 

 h'lita, which are parasitic on Hyponomeutd cuonymcUa, Panseria rudis parasitic 

 on Tccniocampa stabilis, Stelniella callida parasitic on Lina populi, CarceUa 

 gnava parasitic on Malacosoma castrcn.^is, and Tachina larvarvm parasitic on 

 Mnlacosoma castrensis, and Spilosoma lubricipeda. Panzeria rudis is said to be 

 viviparous, depositing its larvse upon the full-grown larvae of Tceniocampa 

 stabilis. Two species parasitic on imagines were examined, namely, Vivtana 

 cinerea, which occurs in species of Carabus and in Procrustes coriaceus and 



