ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 361 



Ocyptera hrassicaria parasitic ou DolycorU'i baccaruin. The main results of 

 the investifiatioiis have been summarized in English and are appended to the 

 account. 



In the review, C. H. T, Townsend, of this Department, calls attention to the 

 fact that two of the author's species determined as Tacliitui hirvarum and 

 VareeUa ynava are not the same as those he has studied (E. S. K., 20, p. 456), 

 and that the identifications must be incorrect. 



The warble flies, G. H. Carpenter (Deyt. Agr. and Tech. Instr. IrelandJour., 

 (IDO!)), \o. 3, pp. Ji65-.'tl(i, pi. 1, fig. 1). — Further results in continuation of 

 investigations previously noted (E. S. R., 20, pp. 582, 857) are reported. 



While muzzling exi)eriments conducted with calves during 1907-8 seemed to 

 support rather strongly the theory of the maggot's entrance Ijy the mouth, those 

 carried on during lUOS-0 tend to contirm the results of 1900-7 in favor of the 

 theory that they enter through the skin. In the spring of 190.S, 182 of the 

 194 cattle used in tlie previous experiments were still on the farm and had been 

 left throughout the sununer of 1907 witliout any kind of dressing or protection 

 against the attacks of the tly. From these cattle 586 maggots wei'e squeezed 

 out, an average of 4.44 per beast, and a reduction of 58.8 per cent, which is 

 believed to have been largely due to this treatment. It was found that year- 

 lings were far more benefited during the spring of 1907 than either the cows or 

 calves. 



A maggot which emerged from the skin May IVi, pupafetl and emergeil as an 

 adult {Hypodvnmi hovin) 40 days later. A second maggot of this species which 

 emerged from the skin May 30 appeared as an adult in 31 days, as did also a 

 maggot of H. Uneata, which emerged from the host on May 24. The gullets of 

 a number of heifers and bullocks 2 or 3 years old wei-e examined. " In many 

 of these maggots were found, and in most cases they were embedded in the 

 connective tissue of the submucous coat, with the axis of the maggot lying 

 along the direction of the gullet. In some the head of the maggot was directed 

 upward, in others downward ; most were near the stomach, but some were 

 near the pharynx, as if they were wandering to and fro in the submucous coat 

 for a period of several weeks. One was found lying in the cavity of the gullet, 

 but no trace of perforation of the mucous coat could be detected. The effect of 

 the maggot on the submucous tissue is to cause a small amount of yellow dis- 

 coloration due to the formation of pus." 



A new Gastrophilus larva in the horse, A. Henry {Bui. Soc. Cent. Med. 

 Vet., 86 (1909), \o. IJ/, pp. 319-321, fig. 1). — Gastrophilus inermis is reported 

 to have been found to infest horses in the northwestern part of France. The 

 larvfe live in the rectum in small compact colonies of not more than .50 at 

 the most. 



On the British species of Phora, II, III, J. H. Wood {E)it. Mo. Mag., 2 ser., 

 19 {1908), Xos. 223, pp. 164-168, fig. 1; 224, PP- 169-174, figs. 2; 225, pp. 215, 

 216; 227, pp. 253, 254; 20 {1909), Nos. 229, p. 24; 231, pp. 59-63; 233, pp. 113-120; 

 234, PP- 14s, 144; 235, pp. 145-149, figs. 5; 236, pp. 191, 192; 237, pp. 193-195, 

 fig. 1; 238, p. 24O; 239, pp. 2.'/ /-2i'/).— Descriptions of new species with tables 

 for their separation and notes on species occurring in Great Britain are given. 



Syrian and Egyptian diptera, M. Bezzi (Broteria, 8 {1900), pp. 37-65). — 

 One huudretl and fifty-six species are recorded, of which several are described 

 as new to science. 



Poultry fleas and the red hen mite, F. V. Theobald {IUus. Poultry Rec. 2 

 {1909), No. 2, pp. 92-94, fiss. 2).— The common fowl flea {Ceratophyllus gal- 

 Unw), which has been recorded from many other birds besides the domesticated 

 fowl, the head flea {Sarcopsylla gallinacea), and the red hen mite {Der- 

 manyssus avium), are briefly discussed. Although ticks are not very common 



