DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 381 



and are small enough so that they eau l»e used ui» without loss by the farmer's 

 family during the warm months. It is suggested that the giraffe should be 

 domesticated because its flesh is of the highest quality and being quite free 

 from uric acid will keep without putrefaction longer than most other meats. 

 The advantage of domesticating the white rhinoceros, the hippopotamus, and 

 other species of African mammals is also pointed out. 



New meat supply, J. L. Griffiths {Daily Cons, and Trade Rpts. [U. 8.], 

 1909, Ao. 3653. j). 11; Live Stock Jour. [London]. 70 (1909), Ah>. 1S5S, pp. 521, 

 530). — These report a successful shipment of chilletl beef from Queensland to 

 England, previous attempts from Australia and New Zealand having ended in 

 failure. In this case the surface of the carcass was sterilized immediately 

 after slaughter. The beef was 62 days in transit and sold at 8.5 and 9 cts. per 

 pound for hindquarters, a little more than was paid for meat from Argentina. 

 It is thought that this opens up a new era for cattle men in Australia, as higher 

 prices are obtained than for frozen meat. 



The horse exports and imports of 1908 (Live Stock Jour. [London]. 10 

 (1909), Ar>. 1859. p. 5-'i,S). — These statistics show the average number of horses 

 exi)orted from and imported to foreign countries and British possessions. 



The number exported was 51,730. The average value of the stallions was 

 £203 19s. By far the larger number exported went to Belgium and the Nether- 

 lands, 627 coming to the United States. The number imported from foreign 

 countries was 12,999, of which over 7,000 came from Russia, and the average 

 value of stallions was £70 Ss. 7d. 



DAIRY FARMING— DAIRYING. 



Dairying' in Alberta, C. Marker (Farmer's Advocate, Ji5 (1909), No. 899, 

 p. 1697). — An account of the industry by the dairy commissioner. 



The Government is assisting the farmer to get better dairy stock from the 

 East by paying a part of the ti'ansportation expenses of the animals. There 

 are 11 cheese factories and 54 creameries, 21 of the latter being operated by 

 the Government on a cooperative plan. The output of cheese is increasing 

 slowly, but in the past 2 years the outinit of butter (2.550,000 lbs. in 1909) has 

 increased 70 per cent. Much of this inci-ease has been made during the winter 

 months. The entire amount is disposed of in British Columbia and the Yukon 

 district. 



Dairy farming on mixed land (Lire Stock Jour. [London], 70 (1909), No. 

 1859, pp. 554, 555). — This contains data on the number of acres required to 

 keep a cow in a good dairy district of Cheshire, England. On three typical 

 farms the amount of land required varied from 2 to over 4 acres per cow. 



Dairying- in Wiirttemberg, Trudinger (Wiirtteiutj. Jufnh. Statis. ti. Landesk., 

 1907, No. 2, PI). 6S-!>7, pgs. 2, dgm. 1, map 1).^A statistical account which in- 

 cludes data from 1834 to 1907. During this period the increase in number of 

 cows has kept pace with the increase of populati(m. The average live weight 

 and yield of milk per cow and the price of milk have also increased. 



In 1907 there were 24.1 cows tc 100 inhabitants and 41.9 cows to each 100 

 hectares (17 cows per 100 acres) of land. The total number of cows was 

 505,000, yielding 8,585,000 hectoliters (over 907,000,000 qts.) of milk. The 

 goats numbered 71,00(), yielding .390,500 hectoliters of milk. The average price 

 of milk in 39 cities and towns was in 1896, 13.9 pfennigs per liter (about 3.5 

 cts. per quart) and in 1907, 16.4 pfennigs. About one-third of the milk goes 

 to creameries and cheese factories of which there are 1,369, these making 

 9,640,000 kg. of butter. 9,500,000 kg. of soft cheese, and 2.590,000 kg. of hard 

 cheese. These products are worth about 30,000,000 marks ($7,125,000) per 



