VETEEINAKY MEDICINE. 385 



there occur, sporadically, some other bacterial siu'cics which do not seem to 

 play any part iu the ripeniiij; of the cheese. 



The author concludes that the Russian-Swiss cheese, in its bacterial tlora, 

 closely resembles the genuine Swiss cheese, and that the ditterences observed 

 between them are due to race variations of the same bacterial species. 



The author proposes next to examine the Russian-Swiss cheese for the pres- 

 ence of bacteria causing propionic-acid fermentation which has recently been 

 shown to play an important part in the ripening of Emmental cheese. 



The " Friwi " system of butter making', Wekjmann (Laiidiv. Wchnhl. 

 Schlcs. Hoist., 59 (UK)!)), Xo. -}5, piK 750-762; Milch Ztf/., 38 il!)09), IVo. .'///. pp. 

 517-519; N. Y. Produce Rev. and Amer. Cream., 29 {1909), No. 4, p. l-'fO).— 

 This is a report of a test of what was claimed to be a new method discovered 

 by a dairy firm in Hamburg. The essential feature of the process was chilling 

 the cream to between 3S and 41° F. and a double ripening of 1 to 2 days. The 

 claim of an increased yield of butter as well as a percentage of lecithin was 

 not substantiated. 



A manual of the Tvorking methods and standards for the use of the Med- 

 ical Milk Commission (.l///r/-. Assoc. Med. Milk Coins.. 1909, pp. 2)). — This 

 contains the methods of inspecting dairy herds and making bacteriological ex- 

 aminations of, and the regulations for dairy employees recommended by the 

 American Association of Medical Milk ronnnissions. 



VETERINARY MEDICINE. 



An introduction to the study of the comparative anatomy of animals, 

 G. C. Bourne {London, 1909. vol. 1. 2. cd., rev., pp. XVI +299; rev. in Nature 

 [London], 81 {1909), No. 2087, p. 513).— K second and revised edition, dealing 

 especially with animal biology. 



The numbers, proportions, and characters of the red and white blood 

 corpuscles in certain animals, A. (Jcodall {-[our. I'ath. mid Had., I'f {1909), 

 No. 2, pp. 195-199). — The information here presented is based on the author's 

 observations and data from various other sources. 



The blood counts in laboratory animals may vary considerably, due to differ- 

 ent causes. Differences are sometimes due to individual peculiarity or to diff"er- 

 ences in age. feeding, or environment, while anemia and parsitic conditions are 

 common and may modify the blood. 



A bibliography of 27 titles is appended to the account. 



Studies on immunity, R. Muik {London. 1909, pp. XI-\-216, figs. 2; rev. in 

 Nature [London], 81 {1909), No. 2077, p. 214)- — Eleven papers by the author in 

 collaboration with C. H. Browning. A. R. Ferguson, and W. B. ^I. Martin are 

 here brought together. Practically all the work has been previously published 

 in scientific journals. 



The present status of the theories of immunity, E. Metchnikoff {Bui. 

 Inst. Pasteur. 7 [1909), Nos. 13, pp. 5^5-557; I'/, pp. 593-60 Jf). — An address 

 made at the Nobel Conference at Stockholm in May. ]i)()9. 



General ideas on antibodies: Agglutinins, precipitins, and hemolysins, 

 L. Panisset {Rev. Gen. Med. Vet., IJ/ (1909), No. 157, pp. 1-12; abs. in Vet. 

 Jour., 65 {1909), No. 1/13, pp. 575-579). — This article explains essential points 

 without going into the details or discussing the actual mechanism of the 

 phenomena. 



Serums and viruses {Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc. 5.'i {1910). No. J/, pp. 2S5- 

 290). — This is a symposium on senmis. vaccines, tuberculins, etc.. which was 

 presented at the meeting of the American Medical Association held at Atlantic 

 City in 1009. 



