388 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



luvvioiisly notocl ( E. S. It., lil, \>. i'tS?>). In (liscussiiij; r.dvim- TiilxM-culosls 

 iiiulor Kanjro Conditioiis (pp. 7t~u, n^S), M. K. Kiiowios, of Montana, stated 

 that while constantly on the outlook for the disease dnriiif: the past 1(5 years, 

 he had been unable to lind a sinjj;le animal showing', under strict range condi- 

 tions, clinical evidence of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis in Range Cattle in Cali- 

 fornia was the subject discussetl by G. S. Baker (pp. 561-563). Some of the 

 information given by A, R. Ward and C. M. Haring in a paper on The Preva- 

 lence of Tuberculosis Among Dairy Cattle in the Vicinity of San Francisco, Cal. 

 (pp. 564-567). has been recorded in an article previously noted (E. S. R., 20, 

 p. 681). A paper on Tuberculosis of Cattle from the Point of A'iew of the 

 Farmer, presented by J. E. I'ope (pp. 571-581), was discussed by Drs. Reynolds, 

 Turner, and Bang. 



At the third session, held on September 30, papers relating to the pathology 

 and bacteriology of tuberculosis in animals were presented. W. R. Blair, of the 

 New York Zoological Park, read a paper on Tuberculosis in Wild Animals in 

 Captivity (pp. 584—587). This report was devoted particularly to animals in 

 the primates collection, as animals at that park outside of the monkey collection 

 are said to be remarkably free from the disease. Observations Upon Monkeys 

 of the Philadelphia Zoological Garden After Injection of Koch's Old Tuberculin, 

 by C. Y. White and II. Fox (pp. 591-598). show that tuberculosis is a disease 

 which causes a considerable mortality in monkeys and that their habits facili- 

 tate the transmission when many are together on exhibition. " The normal tem- 

 perature of the monkey is higher than that of the human being by 4 to 5° F. at 

 Its highest point. It follows a regular curve during the 24 hours, with the high 

 point at 3 p. m.. in the neighborhood of 101 to 102°, its lowest level, about 99°, 

 at 3 a. m. . . . An injection of tuberculin into an infected monkey will cause a 

 definite rise in temperature, a destruction of the daily curve, tlie performance 

 of a course higher than the daily temperature at the previous high point or 

 any or all of these. By the test we have been able to detect tuberculosis in 47, 

 or 37 per cent, out of 128 monkeys tested." A paper on The Occurrence and 

 Significance of Tubercle Bacilli in the Feces of Tuberculous Cattle was pre- 

 sented by E. C. Schroeder (pp. 599-606), who stated that when first examined 

 5 of 12 apparently healthy cattle, known to be tuberculous only because they 

 had reacted to tuberculin intermittently, passed acid-fast bacilli per rectum with 

 their feces and that IS months later the number was increased to 10. A dis- 

 cussion followed. In discussing Porcine Tuberculosis (pp. 613-619), S. Stewart 

 and A. T. Kinsley stated that " infection evidently takes place through the 

 mucous membi'aue of the alimentary tract, and in a large percentage of cases 

 the invasion is through the mucous membrane of the mouth and pharynx, the 

 gross lesions being confined to the related lymphatics, the submaxilJary parotid, 

 or superior cervical glands. The invasion may occur through the intestinal 

 mucous membrane only or simultaneously through both portions of the canal, 

 and through either channel of entrance be carried to any part of the animal." 

 Patho-histological studies were made of 257 hogs, a summary of the conditions 

 observed in 770 mieroscoi)ical sections being reported. A Review of Recent In- 

 vestigations on Tuberculosis Conducted by the United States Bureau of Animal 

 Industry was given by J. R. Mohler and H. J. Washburn (pp. 620-640), a 

 bibliography of 39 titles being appended to this account. 



At a joint session of Sections 1 and 7, held on September 30, the relation 

 between tuberculosis of animals and of man was discussed. Dr. Robert Koch 

 opened the session with a discussion previously noted (E. S. R., 20, p. 1185) of 

 The Relation of Human and Bovine Tuberculosis (pp. 645-650). Dr. Theo- 

 bald Smith spoke at length upon The Relation Between Human and Animal 

 Tuberculosis, With Special Reference to the Question of the Transformation of 



