VETEEIXAEY MEDICINE. 391 



infection. In 200 adults given the usual tests all were found to be due to the 

 human type. It thus appears that while bovine infection is a considerable 

 factor in tuberculosis of young children, in adults it is extremely rare. 



Tuberculosis in dairy cows, with special reference to the udder and the 

 tuberculin test, A. Wilson {Witham, 190S, pp. l-'i'i)- — This account has been 

 previously noted from another source (E. S. R., 20, p. 283). 



The influence of the ingestion of dead tubercle bacilli upon infection, M. J. 

 KosENAU and J. F. Anderson (Trans. Assoc Ainrr. PJn/.siridits, 2'i (1909), pp. 

 139-lJf5).—Iii order to determine whether the susceptibility to tuberculosis is 

 increased, decreased, or unchanged by the previous eating of food containing 

 tubercle bacilli killed by heat, 50 guinea pigs were fed for 60 days on tubercle 

 bacilli which had been heated to 60° C. for 30 minutes and were then given one 

 feeding of 43-days-old live tubercle bacilli in butter. Fifty pigs used as checks 

 were kept under the same conditions but fed only the live tubercle bacilli. 

 The feeding of dead tubercle bacilli to guinea pigs did not appear to alter the 

 susceptibility or have any evident effec-t upon the subsequent course of the 

 disease. 



Researches on the patholog'ical histology of atypical actinomycosis, I. 

 Choukevitch (.lrc/(. Sci. Biol. [St. Fetersh.], i.J (1909), Xo. J,, pp. 311-3J,7).— 

 A contribution from the laboratory of the Imperial Institute of Experimental 

 Medicine at Cronstadt. 



The period of emission of bacteria in acute parenchymatous mammitis and 

 the influence of milking on the progress of the inflammation, Fauss 

 (Monatsli. Pnild. Ticrhcilk., 20 (1909), Xo. .9-10, pp. J,.',7-',ll; ahs. in Rev. 

 Gen. Lait. 7 (1909). Xo. 17, pp. .'lO'f, .'lO.j). — The author finds that in acnte 

 parenchymatous mammitis caused by organisms of the coli group the period 

 of emission of bacteria is from 12 to 30 days, the number of bacteria and the 

 period of their emission being directly proportional to the degree of the inflam- 

 mation. In mammitis caused by organisms of the Bacillus enteritidis group, 

 the emission of bacilli continues in acute cases for about 30 days. By frequent 

 milking the hyperemia is decidedly increased, inducing a secretion of antibodies 

 favorable to recovery. Unless milked the gland atrophies as a result of the 

 infiammatiou, whereas by a frequent milking of the inflamed gland the natural 

 secretion is induced and maintained. In acute mammitis the extension of the 

 inflammation from one quarter to another does not take place. 



Experimental investigations of bacillary pseudotuberculosis of sheep and 

 the possibility of its transmission to other animals, O. C. Noack (Experi- 

 mentcUe Vntcrsuchungen detreffend die bazilUire Pseudotuberkulose der Schafe 

 nnd deren tjhertragungsfdhigkeit auf andere Tiergattungen. Inatig. Diss., Univ. 

 Bern, 1908, pp. 84, pis. 6; rev. in Bui. Inst. Pasteur, 7 (1909), Xo. 8, p. 365).— 

 Following a brief introduction the author reviews the literature relating to 

 this aft'ection (pp. 6-14), references to 42 titles being given. 



Under the heading of investigations, the symptoms, anatamo-histo-pathological 

 and bacteriological studies, transmission investigations, and the resistance of 

 the organism are considered (pp. 15-70). Animals upon which transmission 

 experiments were conducted include the guinea pig. rabbit, mouse, rat, sparrow, 

 pigeon, fowl, cat, dog, pig, sheep, goat, and horse. The bacillus is polymorphus, 

 its virulence varying with the form. The highly virulent short forms are 

 found in young cultures and in soft caseous, pus, the mildly virulent long 

 forms in old cultures and in firm caseous or calcified nodules. Infection takes 

 place in sheep through the inhalation and ingestion of the organism and 

 through lesions of the skin. The bacillus is highly resistant to cold, moderately 

 resistant to chemical agents, and readily destroyed by heat. Continued drying 

 merely weakens its virulence. The author was unable to confirm the statements 



