VETERINARY MEDICINE. 487 



and also in Higher Sanglaa ; in tlie latter case associated wilh T. dimDrphoii. 

 T. pecaudi was noted in horses in Ouhama, and it seemed most probable that 

 they had been infected through the agency of Glossina morsitans. 



The existence of Trypanosoma dimorphon or a sim.ilar species in Mozam- 

 bique and Zululand, A. Theiler (Bui. Soc. Path. Exot., 2 {1909), No. J, pp. 

 39. 40: "'>■*<. i'l sleeping Sickness Bur. [London], Bui. 5, p. 203). — The author 

 has found a trypanosome in cattle at Chai-Chai, Mozambique, which had been in 

 perfect health for 6 years. This trypanosome is pathogenic in the dog, white 

 rat, rabbit, sheep, goat, ox, horse, and mule. Morphologically the parasite re- 

 sembled T. ditnorplion and T. congolense. The same parasite has also been 

 taken from a horse, which was Infected in Zululand. 



A new trypanosome from South Africa, A. Theiler {Bnl. Hoe. Path. Exot., 

 2 {1909), No. 7, pp. 392-395; abs. in Sleeping Sickness Bur. [London], Bui. 9, 

 pp. 343, 344). — The author gives a description of the morphology and animal re- 

 actions- of Trypanosoma dimorphon, noted above. Severe anemia with changes 

 in the red cells was produced in cattle, sheep, goats, rabbits, and white rats. 

 The infection is acute in tlie rat, acute or chronic in the rabbit and dog, and 

 chronic in the ox, sheep, and goat, and in equines. The author concludes that 

 the parasite is morphologically identical with Trypanosoma congolense but 

 differs in an essen.tial point, its virulence for guinea pigs. 



Transmission of spirilla and piroplasms by various species of ticks, A. 

 Theiler {BuL Soc. Path. Exot., 2 {1909), No. 6, pp. 293, 294; abs. in Jour Trop. 

 Vet. Sci., 4 {1909), No. 4, pp. 602, 603). — The author presents a brief review of 

 the subject. 



Natural infection of the proboscis of Glossinse, E. Roubaud {BuL Soc. 

 Path. Exot., 1 {1908), No. 9. p. 564; «'J'>- '" 'four. Trop. Med. and Hyg. [Lon- 

 don], Li (1909), No. 10. p. 157). — The author has already shown (E. S. R., 20, 

 p. 780) that the evolution of trypanosomos ingested witli infected blood takes 

 place immediately within the proboscis. Coincident with this, another develop- 

 ment is observed consisting of active multiplication within the intestinal tube 

 which brings about an infection of the entire intestine and the proboscis, where 

 the trypanosomes behave as true parasites. 



Note on the occurrence of marginal points, or a new intracorpuscular 

 parasite, in the blood of cattle in South Africa, J. Spreull {Jour. Compar. 

 Path, and Ther., 22 {1909), No. 4. ftp. 354-351). — The author here reports 2 

 cases of this affection in calves observed in East Griqualand, South Africa, 

 both of which recovered. 



■' The fever and jaundice symptoms induced me to take a blood smear from 

 the calf's ear. Microscopic examination after fixing and staining the film by 

 Giemsa's method revealed marked blood changes, consisting in poikilocytosis, 

 polychromasia, and basophilia, and the presence of many normoblasts. The 

 blood anemia had evidently existed for some time, yet no piroplasm or trypano- 

 some was seen either now or later. Attention was soon drawn, however, to 

 the presence within a considerable number of the red cells of one or more tiny 

 spherical violet-black or blue-black spots, whose protozoic nature was indicated 

 by their staining reactions. These spots or points varied in size, but were 

 never more than one-thirtieth to one-twentieth the size of the red corpuscle, 

 sometimes situated on the edge of the cell, sometimes in its substance, but 

 generally toward its margin. Often there were two points, placed close to- 

 gether and looking like a dividing coccus, or more widely apart, at opposite 

 sides of a red cell. Even three such bodies were occasionally seen in a red 

 cell, and a very few appeared to be free in the plasma. In staining reactions 

 these points closely resembled the nucleus of a normoblast, but their tiny size 

 made them at once readily distinguishable." 



