HORTICULTURE. 537 



fertilized with dung. Applications of more than .3 or 4 cwt. of superphosphate 

 appeared to be unprofitable, except as to their residual value. Phosphoric acid 

 in high grade and in low grade slag appeared equally advantageous, except 

 that the low grade slag had an api)arent advantage on land deficient in lime. 



[Rothamsted wheat experiments of 1909], J. J. Wilj^is ((Jard. Chron., 

 3. so:, -}7 (1910), No. 1202, pp. 20, 21). ^The experiments during 1909 followed 

 the general plan previous!}' noted (E. S. R., 7, p. 381). 



During 1909 the production of wheat was in every case below the average 

 yield. The decrease ranged from 2 bu. per acre on the plat receiving no farm- 

 yard manure to 6g bu. on the plat receiving superphosphate, potash, and 200 

 lbs. sulphate of ammonia. The yield of straw ranged from 50f cwt. per acre on 

 the plat receiving farmyard manure to 9J cwt. on the plat without manure. 

 The wheats were poorly developed because of insufficient warmth during the 

 ripening period, and the proportion of offal to dressed grain was large, reaching 

 30 per cent of the whole in some cases. The proportion of gi-ain to straw ranged 

 from 30.4 to 58.7 per cent. The quality of the grain on the plat which has 

 received no manure for 70 years showed no decrease in spite of the soil ex- 

 haustion which resulted in a yield of only 9J bu. jier acre. The value of a 

 supply of pota.sh was indicated l)y an increased yield of 9] bu. of wheat and 

 10 cwt. of straw per acre, resulting from its application, while on another plat 

 it produced an increase at the rate of 12J bu. of grain and 13 cwt. of straw as 

 compared witli plats receiving phosphoric acid and nitrogen without potash. 



Some varieties of wheat {Estac. Agr. Cent. [Mexico]' Bol. 32, pp. 78, pis. 

 Jfl). — This bulletin gives full descriptions of 49 varieties of wheat common in 

 Mexico and certain other countries, particularly Egypt, Australia, and France. 



The hybrid wheats, W. J. Spillman (Washington Htu. Bui. 89, pp. 5-21, 

 pgs. 6). — This bulletin contains a history of the inception, progress, and results 

 up to the present time of an investigation undertaken for the purjtose of pro- 

 ducing a hardy winter wheat with stiff straw and close chaff. The principal 

 results have already been noted from another bulletin (E. S. R.. 20, pp. 537). 



In the case of reciprocal crosses, the results were exactly the same which- 

 ever parent grew the seed. The law of recombination is enunciated and dis- 

 cussed in full. " The writer claims only to have discovered the fact that in the 

 second generation of a hybrid every possible combination of the original parent 

 character occurs." Reports are given from a number of Washington farmers 

 indicating that the hybrids resulting from the work were i»roducing yields con- 

 siderably in excess of those of standard varieties and were being utilized over 

 a considerable area of the wheat growing sections of the State. 



Hybrid wheats, R. W. Thatcher (Washington Sta. Popular Bui. 21, pp. 4, 

 fig. 1). — A popular edition of the above. 



Judging' and commercial grading of small grains and hay. C S. Knight 

 (Univ. Ner. Col. Agr. Dept. Agron. Bui. 1, pp. 5-35). — This bulletin presents 

 standards of perfection and student's score cards, with full explanation of each, 

 for wheat, oats, and barley, and a score card for alfalfa hay. The rules adopted 

 by the Minneapolis and Duluth Grain Inspection Boards in September. 1908, 

 for the commercial grading of gi-ain, and the Chicago Board of Trade rules for 

 the inspection of hay and straw, are also given. 



HORTICULTURE. 



Fertilizer experiments with, lime nitrogen, sulphate of amm.onia and 

 nitrate of soda for cabbage, Wehnert (Landic. Wchnbl. 8chles. Hoist., 60 

 (1910), No. J,, pp. 11, 72).— Plat experiments on different kinds of soil are re- 

 ported. The nitrogenous fertilizers were used in connection with liquid manure, 



