METEOROLOGY — WATER. 615 



Monthly Weather Review {Mo. Weather Rev., 37 {1909), Nos. 11, pp. SJi- 

 W>0', /(•(/.^^ 9, charts 3>: 12, pp. 997-1153, figs. 7, charts 33).— In addition to the 

 usual climatological summaries, weather forecasts and warnings for November 

 and December, 1909, river and flood observations, lists of additions to the 

 Weather Bureau library and of recent papers on meteorology and seismology, a 

 condensed climatological summary, and climatological tables and charts, these 

 numbers contain the following special papers : 



No. 11. — Important Problems in Climatology, by F. H. Bigelow, and Average 

 Annual Rainfall of Porto Rico, W. I. (illus.), by O. L. Fassig. 



No. 12. — The Lake Region — General Features (illus.), by J. H. Armington-, 

 The Effect of Drainage Work in Northern Iowa on the Flood Stages of the Rivers, 

 by A. Marston (see below) ; The United States Weather Bureau in the Work 

 of the Engineer, by J. A. Ockerson ; The Agricultural Engineer and the AVeather 

 Bureau, by T. H. Means (p. G14) ; Practical Benefits of the Weather Bureau, by 

 H. AV. Sheley; The Rainfall of Hetch Hetchy Valley (illus.), by A. G. McAdie; 

 and The West Umatilla River Water-users' Association, by J. W. Campbell. 



Meteorological observations at the Massachusetts Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station, J. E. Ostrander and C. M. Damon {Massachusetts Sta. Met. 

 Buls. 253, 25Ii, pp. // each). — Summaries of observations at Amherst, Mass., on 

 pressure, temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, sunshine, cloudiness, and 

 casual phenomena during January and February, 1910. The data are briefly 

 discussed in general notes on the weather of each mouth. 



Meteorological observations {Michigan Sta. Hpt. 1909, pp. 167-179). — 

 Tabulated daily and monthly suunn;iries are given of observations during 

 1908 on tenii)erature, pressure, precipitation, cloudiness, wind movement, etc. 



Meteorological summary for the year 1908, A. E. Bells {Wyoming Sta. 

 lipt. 1909, pp. Ji0--'i8). — Summaries are given of observations at Laramie, Wyo., 

 on pressure, temperature, precipitation, humidity, sunshine and cloudiness, and 

 wind movement during 190S. The mean annual temperature was 40.3° F., and 

 the total pret'ipitation lo.rio in. 



" The average temperature for the year was but a fraction of a degi-ee below 

 the mean for the previous 17 years. The highest temiierature for the year was 

 S6°, occurring on the 9th of August, and the lowest was — 24° on the 14th 

 of November. ... A total of 13.53 in. precipitation for the year is 3.5 in. more 

 than the average for the previous 17 years." 



Summer temperatures in different parts of Europe, H. H. Hildebrandsson 

 {Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], 1J,9 {1909), xA^o. 17, pp. 703-705, flg. 1; abs. 

 in Rev. Sci. [Paris], 1(7 {1909). II. No. 19, p. 603).— A continuation of studies 

 previously referred to (E. S. R.. 21, p. 415), tending to show that the summer 

 temperature of various places in Europe may be predicted by the previous 

 winter temperature at Thorshavn and Upsala. 



On the laws of evaporation, P. Vaillant {Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], 

 150 {1910), Xo. J,, pp. 213-216; ahs. in Rev. Sci. [Paris], .^8 {1910), I, No. 6, p. 

 ]86). — Experiments with partially covered surfaces are reported showing that 

 the rapidity of evaporation is considerably influenced by the state of the sur- 

 face of the liquid. 



The effect of drainage work in northern Iowa on the fl^ood stages of the 

 rivers, A. Marston {Mo. Weather Rev., 37 {1909), No. 12, pp. 10.',6, 10J,7).— 

 Briefly reviewing the drainage work which has been done in this region, the 

 author concludes that " first, the probable effect of the construction of drainage 

 ditches alone without tile drainage is to decrease the ordinary flow of streams 

 and. increase the flood flow; second, the probable effect of tile drainage is to 

 increase the ordinary and low water rate of flow of streams and decrease the 

 flood flow ; third, the combined effect of drainage ditches and tile drainage will 



