650 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



The wart disease of the potato in England, 10. Kiiiim (Vcnthl. Bait, [etc.], 

 2. Abt.. J'l (190!)), No. 8-J2, ii)). 20S~2l,i) .—Tins is a l)riof review of datn as 

 to the potato wart disease. The author discusses the identity of Chrysoiihlyctix 

 cndobiotica with UJiloiitiJccs Icjiroidc.s, and eoncludes that the two are not 

 identical. The entrance of the zoospores into tlie host plant has not been ob- 

 served, but Plasmodia were found in tlie diseased tissues. The fungus belongs 

 to the Olpidiaceaj group. It is claimed that the resting sporangia can live for 

 at least G years in tlie soil. The disease is sitread by means of the soil and 

 seed potatt)es. The remedies are gas lime, (piickiime and sulphur applied to 

 the soil. The article closes with a hihlioiri'aiih.v of llie disease. 



Crown rot, arsenical poisoning', and winter injury, J. G. Grossenbacheb 

 (Nrw Yorh- tilate 8ta. Tccli. Bui. 12, pu. iiH'J-.'i 1 1 , pl.s. S). — The author gives aa 

 extensive review of the literature relating to tlie subject, discussing frost, 

 fungus, and arsenical injury to fruit trees, the disease having been attributed 

 to all of these causes, lie is inclined to believe that low temperatures are the 

 primary cause of what is termed crown-rotted trees, but that there is need for 

 a thorough investigation to determine the relationship existing between low 

 temperature.s, arsenical poisons, and various organisms to cankered and crown- 

 rotted trees. 



The author discusses preventive measures which have l)een projiosed for this 

 injury, consisting of early and thorough cultivation, followed by a cover crop 

 in midsummer, and if possible the use of hardy, short-seasoned seedlings or 

 crabs for stocks. The trees should be planted deep in order to protect the roots 

 as much as possible from cold. 



The guuiiTLOsis of citrus orchards, L. Savastano and B. Majmone (BoJ. 

 Arhor. Hal., 5 (WOO), No. 2, pp. 68-7S). — The authors discuss the formation of 

 gum on citrus fruit trees and reach the conclusion that it is due to 3 distinct 

 factors, (1) a bacteriological agent (probably Bacterium (jummis), (2) a 

 breaking down of the cellular tissue due to the excessive formation of cell sap, 

 and (3) external causes such as blows, wounds of insects, and pruning. 



The apple scab, A. Bretschneideb (Wiener Landw. Ztg., 59 (1909), No. 100, 

 pp. 980, 981, fig. 1). — ^A general description of the macroscopic and microscopic 

 characters of Fusicladium dendriticitm is given, accompanied by figures show- 

 ing its various fruiting stages, and the gross appearance of the fungus on the 

 leaves and fruit. Varieties of apples that are more or less resistant to the 

 disease are named and means of control suggested. 



Apple scab, E. Wallace (Rpt. Niagara Sprayer Co. Fellowship, 2 (1909), 

 pp. 10, fiyti. l.'i). — A iH)i)ular description of the disease and its methods of in- 

 fection is presented, accompanied by figures showing the gross and micro- 

 scopic characteristics of the fungus on the leaves and fruit, and the results 

 obtained by using various sprays. Tables are given showing the comparative 

 results as to scab and insect injuries obtained during 1909 with Bordeaux and 

 lime sulphur sprays to each of which arsenate of lead had been added. 



The investigations showed that commercial lime sulphur (Niagara brand, 

 " heavy grade ") diluted 1 : 30 was as effective as Bordeaux 3 : 4 : 50 in prevent- 

 ing the scab, and caused no iujui-y to the fruit or leaves, while the Bordeaux 

 seriously russeted the fruit. The arsenate of lead used with the lime sulphur 

 was fully as effective in controlling the codling moth as when used with Bor- 

 deaux, and caused no burning of fruit or foliage. The combination of the 

 arsenate with the lime sulphur did not appreciably diminish the iusecticidal 

 and fungicidal value of either. 



Fire-blight remedies, H. H. Whetzel (West. N. Y. Hort. 8oc. Proc., 51i 

 (1909), pp. 119-126, figs. 3). — Under the author's direction experiments have 

 been carried on at the New York Cornell Station to test some of the proprie- 



