686 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



TLe iutrainiiscnlar injection of 10 cc. of a 2 per cent solution of biclilorid of 

 mercury IJor day gave the best results. It is stated that SaikowKsch. worthing 

 in- the Kyasan government, Lad but 140 deaths out of 520 cases where this treat 

 ment was jiracliced. See also a previous note (E. S. R., 20, p. 084). 



Equine piroplasmosis in southern Russia (Kherson government), N. A, 

 MiCHiN and W. L. Yakimoff (Ztschr. InfekUonskrank. u. Hyg. Haustiere, 6 

 {1909), A'o. 3-.',, pp. 265-269, pi. 1; abs. in Jour. Trop. Vet. Sci.. 5 {1910), No. 1, 

 pp. 203, 20.',). — This disease was observed by one of the authors in southern 

 Russia in the early part of May, 1008, and during the summer was disdovered 

 at 5 points in the Kherson government, and also in a horse from the Ekaterinos- 

 laf government. From a total of 400 horses in the infect(>d places. 01 cases 

 occurred, 17 during May, 26 in June, and 18 in July. The infected area was in 

 the vicinity of the Ingulez River where the pastures are covered with brush. 

 Ticks, determined by Neumann as Hyalomma wgyptium, were found on all the 

 affected horses. In treatment the best results were obtained from intramus- 

 cular injections of a 2 per cent solution of bichlorid of mercury, with adminis- 

 Irations of quinin and cardiac stimulants. 



The treatment of surra in horses by means of arsenic and its derivatives. 

 Thirty-two cases of successful treatment, J. I). E. Holmes {Jour. Trop. Vet. 

 Sci., 5 {1910), No. 1, pp. l-'iS, pJs. 15). — Following a brief historical review of 

 the chemotherapy of trypanosomiasis, the author reports in detail experiments 

 in which v^'ere tested the value of atoxyl, soamin, mercury, antimony salts, and 

 arsenious acid alone and with atoxyl, in the treatment of surra. The experi- 

 ments indicate that arsacetin is equal in toxicity to atoxyl and that its adminis- 

 tration lias much the same effect on the trypanosomes. Soamin is also con- 

 sidered about equal in value to atoxyl. It is equally toxic when injected sub- 

 cutaneously, but when administered by the mouth, appears to be much less 

 toxic than atoxyl. Mercury alone had little effect on the course of the disease, 

 and in combination with atoxyl, the results were not so good as when atoxyl 

 alone was used. 



" Tartar emetic in 1 per cent solution, injected intravenously, has a rapid 

 but temporary effect on the trypanosomes in the circulation. Administered by 

 the mouth, it has no influence on the course of the disease. Injected subcu- 

 taneously in very dilute solutions it causes local irritation, frequently followed 

 by necrosis of the skin, at the seat of inoculation. . . . Arsenious acid is, 

 undoubtedly, a specific for surra in horses. It must be administered in full 

 subtoxic doses and at intervals, and not in continuous daily dosage. In the 

 light of these results it is clear that, in the early experiments conducted by 

 Lingard, Bruce, and others, arsenic was given in too small an amount, and in 

 continuous treatment. Animals can not tolerate the requisite amount of ar- 

 senic if the dose be too frecjuently repeated. ... It is doubtful whether any 

 advantage is gained by combining atoxyl with arsenious acid in the treat- 

 ment of surra. The results of treatment with arsenious acid alone, civen 

 in 10 doses at an interval of one day, were superior to those 

 arsenious acid was alternated with atoxyl." 



"All our observations on the action of atoxyl are in support of the view that 

 a small amount of cleavage occurs and that the therapeutic effect is entirely 

 due to the presence of free arsenic." 



On the antiphagines faggressins] of the chicken cholera organism, N. 

 TcHisToviTCii (Ann. Insf. I'asteur, 23 {1909), ?so. 10, pp. S^-'/-S'/0).— From the 

 investigations here reported the author arrives at the following conclusions: 



Virulent cultures of the chicken cholera organism contain antiphagines which 

 protect the microbe from phagocytosis; the antiphagines can be more or less 

 easily removed from cultures of the microbe, which then becomes the prey of 



