SOILS FERTILIZERS. 717 



Artificial nitrates [Chem. Trade Jour., Jf6 {1910), .Ao. 118H, pi). 219, 220).— 

 Factories installed and processes used in France and Germany in tlie manu- 

 facture of nitrates and nitric acid by the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen are 

 briefly described. 



The Woltereck ammonia process against the Frank-Caro gas process, O. K. 

 ZwiNGENBEROKK (Jour. Amcr. Peat 8oc., 2 (1910), No. .), pi). IJfl-l.'i'f). — The 

 \Voltereck and the Frank and Care processes for the manufacture of ammonia 

 and fiiis from i)eat by wet comliustion are compared. 



The reduction of atmospheric nitrogen (.SVx Amcr. Sup., (j9 {1910), No. 

 17S'i, p. J()2, //.'/. 1). — The SclKinherr process is (lescrilie<l. 



The occurrence of ammonia in deep waters containing iron and manganese, 

 H. Noll {Ztschr. Angeiv. Chem., 23 (WIG), No. 3, pp. 107, 108).— The author 

 reports experiments wliich do not confirm Klut's conclusion that the chemical- 

 l)iiysi(al processes bj- which ammonia is formed in the lower strata of the earth 

 can be reproduced in the laboratory under ordinary ])ressure conditions. 



Tests with four nitrogenous manures {Dcpt. Agr. and Tech. Instr. Ireland 

 Jour., 10 {1910), No. 2, pp. 3r,2-J.'>J, ; Mark Lane E.rprc^.s, 103 {1910), No. J,091, 

 pp. 201, 203). — Results of comparative tests of nitx'ate of soda, sulphate of 

 anmionia, calcium cyanamid. and calcium nitrate on oats, potatoes, turnips, and 

 mangolds are reported. The results indicate " that the two new nitrogenous 

 manures are not inferior to the two manures which are already in general use. 

 On the whole, there is not a great difference in yield with any of the crops. 

 Calcium cyanamid gave the most satisfactory return with oats and potatoes, 

 and nitrate <if lime with o;its and mangolds." 



The action of lime nitrogen, nitrate of soda, and sulphate of ammonia, 

 J. J. Vanha kt al. (Ztschr. Lnndw. Vcrfnichsw. Ostcrr., 12 {1909), No. 12, pp. 

 7R5-83S). — The manufacture and properties of calcium cyanamid as well as 

 the changes which it undergoes in storage and in soil are briefly described, 

 and field and pot experiments with sugar beets and pot experiments with wheat 

 and barley, comparing the fertilizing effect of the cyanamid with that of nitrate 

 of soda and suli)hate of ammonia are reported. Particular attention was given 

 in these experiments to the influence of varying mechanical composition of the 

 soils on the action of the cyanamid. 



In field experiments with beets on clay soil the cyanamid showed .')8 per cent 

 of the efficiency of nitrate of soda, while the relative efficiency of sulphate of 

 ammonia was 66 per cent. In general it was found that while cyanamid was 

 an efficient fertilizer on all kinds of soils requiring nitrogenous fertilizers. It 

 gave the best results on poor sandy soils and the poorest results on the better 

 quality of very heavy clay soils. 



Calcium nitrate or sodium nitrate, P. Wagner {Mitt. Deut. Landw. Gesell., 

 I-'t ( 1910). No. 8, pp. 107-109). — Comparative tests of calcium nitrate and 

 sodium nitrate on beets, potatoes, rye, oats, and barley are reported. The 

 results showed as a rule that equal amounts of nitrogen in the form of sodium 

 nitrate or calcium nitrate either gave equally good results, or, when there was . 

 a difference, that the sodium nitrate was somewhat more effective than the 

 calcium nitrate on ordinary soils. 



Calcium nitrate, calcium cyanamid, nitrate of soda, and kainit, E. Saillard 

 {Sucr. Indig. ct Colon., 75 {1910), No. 6, pp. i2(5-j?2»).— Comparative tests of 

 these fertilizing materials on sugar beets in different parts of France are 

 reported. 



The results show that nitrate of soda and calcium cyanamid employed at 

 rates furnishing about 26.78 lbs. of nitrogen per acre gave about the same 

 results, and that calcium nitrate applied at the same rate was slightly superior. 



