744 EXPEBTMENT STATION RECORD. 



ocononiic iniimrtnnco : Mardsniiiis scdiidciis, on tlic <iiltivMto<l cacsu) phiiits of 

 Africa; IHpIodia )<iii<i.r. parasitic on tlic living hrnm-lics and roots of Para rub- 

 ber trees of tro])icul Africa; (Jlwo-siKjiiiini citri, on orange leaves from Trinidad; 

 and Macrosporium hniccohitiim, on leaves of Agave rigida from Mozambique. 



Two of the fungi were found infesting the bodies of injurious insects and 

 may i)rove of economic value, namely. HcplocyVnulrlum siisprcimn n. sp., on the 

 bodies of dead frog-hopi)ers (Cercopida') from Trinidad, and SclcnxJerrif! (jign- 

 sponi n. sji.. occurring in clusters on scale insects {Mijtilunitis cilricohi) also 

 from Trinidad. 



Org-ancid galls, E. KiisTKii (Biol. CciithL, .W (UUO), No. 3, pp. I1(j-12H).— 

 According to the author, galls can be divided into histoid and organoid. The 

 organoid galls ar(> those which are characterized by a transformation of old 

 or the formation of new organs, while tlie histoid are comi)osed of simple 

 ;d)noru-,al tissue. The organoid galls in all their morphological characters 

 belong with those abnormal structures which have been i)roduced by general 

 or l(K'al nutrition changes, and, therefore, would be classed as truly etiological. 



Contributions on g'alls produced by Uredineae, Ruth Stampfli (Hcdirigid, 

 J/O (1910), No. Jf-o, pp. 230-267, figs. 27). — This is an investigation of the mor- 

 lihological changes produced in the tissues of host plants by the presence of 

 invading fungi, and is discussed under 3 heads; Typical galls, (2) deforma- 

 tion of the flowers, tind (3) galls on stems and leaves. 



Specific cases of gall production on various liost plants by different Uredineiie 

 were studied in detail, especially with reference to any change jn-oduced in the 

 various elements of the tissues of the Iiost, such as production of sclerenchyma. 

 wood fibers, parenchyma, etc. The author found that the galls and other de- 

 formations of the tissues of the host are produced mainly by an extra growth 

 of parenchyma tissue in the invaded region, and that tlie sclerenchyma strands, 

 wood fibers of the vessels, etc., w^ere but little changed. 



The sexuality of rusts, L. Kurssanow (Ztschr. Bot., 2 {1910). No. 2, pp. 

 Sl-93, pi. 1). — The author briefly reviews the recent literature on the sexuality 

 of rusts and notes the different interpretations of various investigators on dis- 

 puted points, closing with a discussion of the phenomena observed in his 

 studies of the young rpcidial stages of PucHnin peckinnn, better known as 

 Cwonui nitens. in which he claims to have found a true conjugation of sexual 

 cells or gametes. 



Infection experiments with, crown rust, F. Mijhlethaler {Cenfhl. Bakl. 

 [etc.], 2. yiht., 26 {1910), No. 1-3, p. 'jS). — Sowings of teleutospores of crown 

 rust from Calamagrostis varia on RJidinnus alpina and R. purshiaua produced 

 abundant fecida ; also sowings of recidiospores from R. alpina on C. varia and 

 C. teuella produced uredosori. .li^cidiospores from R. calhartica produced ure- 

 dosori on Bromns erectus condensatiis, Fcstuca alpina, F. anniflinarca, F. 

 gigantca. and F. varia. The uredospores from B. crcetiis condensatiis were able 

 to infect B. erectus condensatiis, B. erectus, B. inerniis, B. sterilis. and B. 

 tectorum. 



Seed disinfection and crop production; methods and types of machinery 

 needed, H. L. Bolley {Nortli Dalcota Sta. Bui. 87, pp. 131-166, pis. 7, figs. 15). — 

 The author describes in popular language some of the principal diseases of 

 wheat, oats, and other cereals which are introduced through seed, and gives 

 simple directions for the methods of prevention or control of seed-borne dis- 

 eases. Among the diseases described are the stinking smut of wheat, oat 

 smut, loose smut of wheat, loose smut of barley, flax wilt, and flax canker. 

 For the control of these diseases various methods of treatment with fungicides 

 have been recommended, and formulas and methods of treatment are described. 



