1885.] THE FOREST FLORA OF CARNARVONSHIRE. 207 



THE FOREST FLOE A OF CAENARVONSEIEE, MORE 

 PARTICULARLY THE PENRHYN ESTATE. 



BY A. D. WEBSTEi;. 

 Plants marked (*) have not before been included in the flora of the county. 



liY should Forestry confine its attention to the giants of 



w 



the forest ? " This " supposed " question, asked in your 

 November issue, is but a reiteration of some statements made by me 

 in the same journal of October 1883. There, in drawing attention 

 to this matter, I stated that articles on our native plants would 

 tend not only to promote an interchange of opinion, but be the 

 means of widening the circulation of the journal by making its pages 

 of interest to others as well as arboriculturists. Botany and Forestry 

 must, to some extent at least, go hand in hand — in fact, the one 

 cannot survive without the other ; and the peculiar advantage afforded 

 to most foresters, while in their daily walks through wood and dale, 

 of studying plant-life in its various forms, should not be thrown 

 aside nor neglected. The daily routine of work will thus be both 

 lightened and varied, and the attention at times diverted from the 

 beaten track of duty; for some relief must be aftbrded to the 

 inquiring mind from the dull circumstances of work-day life, as to 

 be wholly the slave of matter-of-fact is neither good for the mind, 

 the soul, nor the heart. In the following list I intend giving a 

 short description of such plants as have been found in the wood- 

 lands of this county, the botany of which has been a particular study 

 of mine for several years, and one from which I have derived a 

 great amount of pleasure as well as instruction. 



That the term " woodland plants " cannot in the true sense of the 

 word be applied to some of those included in the following list, I am 

 quite aware ; but this county being both mountainous and maritime, 

 and many of the plantations, which lie at a considerable elevation 

 above sea-level, containing bare rocky patches of ground, as well as 

 being traversed by mountain streams and rivulets, renders the flora 

 particularly rich, and very different to what it wo\rld be under 

 ordinary conditions. The river Ogwen, starting from the base of the 

 mountains and running for a distance of several miles through well- 

 wooded districts, also adds considerably to the flora of the county ; 

 and as many of our woods lie along the sea-coast, they are liberally 

 supplied with plants peculiar to maritime situations. 



Geological Features.- — "Along part of the coast of the Menai 

 Strait there is a narrow slip of carboniferous limestone, which also 

 forms the Great and Little Orme's Head. A narrow belt of rocks, 

 continually varying in composition, skirt the carboniferous lime- 



