1885.] REVIEWS OF BOOKS. 229 



Keviews of 3ooks. 



Si/kicuUurc : The Frinciplcs of Bcarinij Wood Plants in the Forest. 

 By Demetr. Krawtschiiiski. St. Petersburg, 1883. 282 pages 

 octavo. In the Eussian language. Dedicated " To the Memory 

 of Joh. Chr. Hundeshagen (1783-1834)." 



THE author treats Sylviculture, or plant-rai.sing in the woods, 

 mostly scientifically ; leaving practical questions for another 

 forthcoming work. Such a scientific treatment he considers appro- 

 priate to the times, and " for Eussia not superfluous, uor of superero- 

 gation, if only for the reason that there are already in Eussia three 

 higher-class institutions for teaching Forestry." Hundeshagen, in his 

 Encyclopccdia, dedicated to Justus Liebig, already as early as 1827, 

 had said : " It has indisputable advantages to educate the forester 

 to think, by the means of scientific lectures ou his special depart- 

 ment, as well as on the mathematical and physical sciences closely 

 connected with it." 



This work, though in Eussian, is, in regard to the elucidation of 

 scientific method, of cosmopolitan merit. The author has command 

 of an astonishingly wide range of reading in Eussian, German, 

 English, and Erench literature. In the Introduction, p)^(<-nt-rearing 

 'ill the forest (wood-production or wood-raising) is divided into two 

 parts. 



Erom the second part we extract the following epitome : — The 

 influencing conditions of growth are — 



I. The influences of soil. 



1. In general. — A. Configuration (depth, form of the surface). 

 B. Physical and chemical properties (coherence and 

 structure, moisture, ingredients, humus). 2. In relation 

 to the different kinds of wood (oak, beech, hornbeam, 

 maple, ash, elm, birch, alder, willow and poplar, linden, 

 pine, spruce, fir, larch). 



II. The influences of climate. 



1. In general. — A. Temperature (vertical and horizontal 

 limits ; extremes of temperature, exposure). B. Mois- 

 ture of the atmosphere. C. Atmospheric currents. 

 2. In relation to each species of wood (list as above). 



