1885.] ABOUT INDIAN FOREST jVATTEES. 297 



the Indian Government, including the second-class reserves, cover 

 over 29,000 square miles. But Prussia, with 10,000 square miles 

 of State forest, derives a net gain therefrom of nearly a million 

 sterling annually. But there regular and systematic forest manage- 

 ment has prevailed for centuries, while in India it is barely thirty 

 years old. 



Laege Trees in Ceylon Uplands. — Upper Lindula, Ceylon, is 

 from 4800 to 6000 feet high, and according to the Tropical 

 Agriculturist has many notable trees. One handsome bush with a 

 nutmeg- tree habit of growth is 2 3 feet 3 inches high ; and in the 

 original 1874 nursery, some specimens must be about 30 feet 

 liigh, actual measurement some years ago having given 27 feet. 

 A giant tea-bush eight years old is 26 feetx 29 x 24 feet 6 inches. 

 Some blue gums planted in 1876 are 100 feet high, with a 

 circumference of stem of 5 feet 2 inches. Grevilleas, the toon 

 {Oedrela toona), the Norfolk pine (Araucaria Bidivillii), serve as 

 shelter timber-trees. 



Eats in Cocoa-nut Plantations. — Pats are now found to be 

 very serious enemies to cocoa-nut tree; so much as £100 per 

 annum has been thus lost in one plantation. 



The Dwakf Tkees of China, says a contemporary, are very 

 curious examples of what may be done to change the habits of species. 

 The tap-roots and many others which show a tendency to strike 

 downward are kept cut back, and after a long treatment by this 

 method, healthy, symmetrical oaks, chestnuts, pines, and cedars are 

 produced which, when fifty years old, are not a foot high, and are 

 kept in pots as any other house-plants would be. 



Tea Cultivation in the Caucasus. — According to the Indian 

 Agricultiirisf, Eussian efforts to establish tea cultivation in the 

 Trans-Caucasus are brought into notice with some emphasis by Mr. 

 J. H. Elwes, our representative at the Botanical E.xhibition and 

 Congress held last summer at St. Petersburg. Mr. Elwes was not 

 able to visit the scene of the new industry himself as he wished to 

 do, but what he heard was enough to make it evident that a 

 vigorous endeavour will be made, with every assistance from the 

 Government, to monopolize the supplying of the Central Asian 

 markets. There is nothing of course that is surprising in this, nor 

 is the Indian trade likely to suffer vitally if the attempt is successful. 



Insect Pests in Tea-Gakdens. — According to reports given in 

 to queries on the subject of the ravages of wither blight,, it attacks 

 all sorts of (/af, laying hold of 30 feet high seed-trees growing in 

 the forest seed-gardens, with the same ease as it strips a China 

 bush 1^ feet high. 



The Cooper's Hill Forest Class. — According to the Indian 



