The Weekly Florists^ Review, 



glisE, purple-rose and white, of compact 

 root habit and spreads but little by 

 seed; Aster multiflorus, profuse bloom 

 and heathery habit, pure white; Aster 

 cordifolius, tall compact bunches and 

 large thyrses of purplish-white flowers; 

 Aster sericeus, satin leaved aster, beau- 

 tiful flowers, but the plant is rather de- 

 ficient in size; it will grow in very dry 

 places. 



Most of our native golden rods are ob- 

 jectionable because of excessive produc- 

 tion of iirostrate root stocks. These three 



Floral Cross arranged by Standish & Co., 

 for the funeral of Queen Victoria. 



make pretty compact groups and are of 

 moderate height. Solidago latifolia, S. 

 rigida, S. speciosa. 



The boltonias are much admired for 

 their graceful aspect and beautiful 

 daisy-like flowers. Boltonia latisqua- 

 [mae and Boltonia asteroides are satia- 

 [factory plants. 



Helenium autiminale is a very showy 

 flower, native here. There are some 

 handsome varieties, but less hardy than 

 the type. 



There are a few of the sunflowers that 

 can be admitted into our list. Helian- 

 thus decapetalus, an attractive sulphur- 

 yellow flower, 5 or feet, grows in dense 

 masses; Helianthus orgyalis. tall, of 

 graceful appearance, roots compact and 

 permanent; Helianthus multilhirus fl. 

 pi., the dwarf double sunflower, tuo well 

 known to require any remarks; Helian- 

 thus rigidus; this and the last species 

 require to be reset each spring, as the 

 off'sets by which they are reproduced 

 straggle away from the parent group 

 which dies out; they are well worth the 

 trouble, as they are very effect ive. 



One other composite plant, Kchinops 

 ritro, is quite hardy, very ornamental, 

 foliage and flower of good size, a fine 

 blue, and comparatively little known. 

 Other species of this plant arc also in 

 cultivation, but ritro will give the best 

 general satisfaction. 



In addition to the six genera already 

 ennumerated, our list will include 



Aquilegia Canadensis. 



Aquilegia vulgaris. 



Paeonia officinalis vars. 



Paeonia var. tenuifolia. 



Funkia undulata, 



Funkia uniliilala iiiidia picta. 



Funkia -111,,, a. I,, la, 



Hemcro.alh- Una. 



Hemerucalli.-, Sicbuldii. 



Hemerocallis Thunbergii. 



Papaver orientale. 



Delphinium formosum. 



Delphinium bicolor. 



Cassia Marilandica. 



Dodecatheon Meadia. 



Hibiscus Moscheutos. 



Hibiscus Moscheutos albus "Crim- 

 son Eye." 



Hibiscus militaris. 



Iris germanica varieties. 



Iris siberica. 



Lychnis chalcedonica. 



Platycodon grandiflora. 



These twelve genera will be generally 

 satisfactory for hardiness, size and 

 adaptability under ordinary conditions 

 of culture. 



It must not be supposed, however, as 

 many seem to believe, that these or any 

 other perennials will grow year after 

 year and give satisfactory results en- 

 tirely without care or assistance. Most 

 of them after they are established will 

 produce more shoots from the roots 

 than would have room or nourishment 

 to develop properly. The weaker ones 

 .should be removed as early as possible. 

 Amateur cultivators should above all 

 avoid having the soil too rich, and be 

 very chary of over watering. 



.John Higgins. 



Chicauo. 



CULTIVATION OF FIELD-GROWN 

 ROSES FOR THE TRADE. 



Bv John- Gill. West Berkeley. Cal. 



The culture of roses in open ground 

 varies but little from other nur- 

 sery stock. The cuttings or rooted 

 stocks are planted during the winter or 

 early spring months in ground that has 

 been prepared for that purpose. They 

 fehould be planted in straight rows of 

 about four feet apart, and from eight 

 (inches to one foot apart in the row; 

 (this allows ample room to hoe between 

 the plants in the row, and between the 

 rows to plow and cultivate. This 

 should be done in a most thorough man- 

 ner throughout the season. This not 

 only gives the plants a chance to make 

 a good growth, but it has a tendency 

 to keep that troublesome pest, the 

 gopher, out as he has very little use for 

 well cultivated land. 



Koses like new land; it is a great 

 mistake to try and take several crops 

 off' the same piece of land, and it can- 

 not be done with good success. When 

 grown on fresh soil many of the 

 stronger growing kinds will make fine 

 plants the first year, but the slower 

 growing varieties will take from two to 

 three years to make salable plants; it 

 is well also to grow them without irri- 

 gation, as they will make plants which 

 will give the purchaser much better sat- 

 isfaction, being more dormant than irri- 

 gated stock. They will start much bet- 

 ter and they can be grown very success- 

 fully in this vicinity without any irri- 

 ,gation. 



Roses are mostly started from cut- 

 tings or from rooted stocks or seedlings 

 imported from Europe. When cuttings 

 are to be used they should be made 

 from good hard wood during the win- 

 ter or early spring months and planted 



as soon after as the ground is in condi- 

 tion to receive them. Imported stocks 

 max also be put in at the same time. 



i'he two methods of growing roses 

 in this state are principally used, name- 

 ly, on their own roots and budded. To 

 the latter I wish to call especial atten- 

 tion as I consider them by far superior 

 to plants grown on their own roots, as 

 it has a tendency to make the weaker 

 growing varieties much more vigorous, 

 lieing worked on a strong root and they 

 will give a great deal better satisfac- 

 tion. 



The principal stocks used for bud- 

 ding are the Manetti, De la GrifTeraie, 

 Rosa Canina or Dog Rose, Glorie de 

 Rosomones, Castellian, and the Ever- 

 green stocks. Many of the growers have 

 their preferences regarding the different 

 varieties of stocks and I am satisfied 

 that the rose has its. I find that one 

 variety will do well on one stock while 

 only a partial success on another, and 

 a complete failure on a third; and there 

 ,is no way by which their preference 

 may be found out that I know of ex- 

 cept by experimenting with them. This 

 takes many months, if not years, to ac- 

 complish. 



I feel that many of our eastern 

 friends in the trade are making a mis- 

 take on the subject of grafted roses on 

 the Manetti, for two reasons. First, 

 it is an undisputable fact that many 

 of the tea varieties will not make a 

 good union on that stock, much prefer- 

 ring some other stock. This is shown 

 by the fact that, although they often 

 make a strong growth they are apt to 



Floral Harp arranged by Standish & Co., 

 for the funeral of Queen Victoria. 



break off where they are grafted or 

 budded, while if they are worked on a 

 stock which they prefer, it is almost 

 impossible to break them after they 

 have made a union. Of course, it must 

 be understood that this does not apply 

 to all tea varieties, for some of them 

 will make an excellent union on the 

 Jfanetti and for such varieties I con- 

 sider it an excellent stock. Second: 

 The Manetti stock gets practically dor- 

 mant during the winter months, more 

 So than any of the other stocks men- 

 tioned, except the canina, and it must 



