16 EXPEEIMENT STATION EECORD. 



sugar solution is run in more and more slowly, witli constaut vigorous boiling, 

 uutil the disapi)earance of the last trace of blue color, which marks the eud- 

 polnt. ... In applying this i)rocess to urine, the latter should be diluted 1: 10, 

 unless the sugar content is known to be very slight." 



Invert sugar and its importance for seed beet polarization, W. Stephani 

 (Bl Zuckerrubcnbau, 11 {1910), Nos. 13, pp. 213-217; U, pp. 231t-238) .—The 

 author points out the importance of determining the sugars (by polarization) 

 of seed feed beets and gives the procedure for this. 



Methods for examining the raw materials, products, and by-products of 

 the sugar industry, H. Fkuiiling {Aiilrititiig ziir Uiitcr.siiclnuig dcr fiir die 

 ZuckcriHilustric in Bdnicht komm-enden Rohmaterialicn, Produkte, Nebenpro- 

 dukte, und Hilfssubstanzcn. Brunstcick, 1911, 7 cd., rev. and cnh, pp. ZF///+ 

 535, figs. 1)0). — This is the seventh revised and enlarged edition of this work. 

 Among the topics with which it deals are sugar and sugar-containing sub- 

 stances, bone charcoal, water, limestone, saturation gas, sodium carbonate and 

 hydrate, hydrochloric acid, chimney and furnace gases, artificial fertilizers, 

 sugar-beet seeds, and molasses feeds. 



The determination of nicotin in nicotin solutions and tobacco extracts, 

 K. M, Chapin (U. S. Dcpt. Agr., Bur. Aniiii. Indus. Bui. 133, pp. 22).— This 

 bulletin describes an accurate and rapid method for the determination of 

 nicotin, which is especially applicable to the examination of uicotin-containing 

 sheep dips and scabicides. 



The Kissling method adopted as official yields, according to the author, good 

 results in experienced hands and in the absence of interfering substances, but 

 its use by the unwary is liable to lead to considerable error. Toth's method" 

 was found to check up well with the Kissling method, but requires considerable 

 time for the preparation of the samples, and as in the Kissling method the 

 presence of pyridin bases in the extract may yield erroneous results. 



The author has utilized the general principles involved in the Bertrand and 

 Javillier silicotungstic acid method,^ in which the nicotin is precipitated from 

 its hydrochloric acid solution with silicotungstic acid, the nicotin freed from 

 this combination with calcined magnesia, and distilled in the usual manner and 

 titrated. He has introduced, however, several modifications for rendering it 

 more accurate and rapid, the chief one being the weighing of the incineration 

 residue from the nicotin silicotungstate. This is termed the anhydrid method. 



Comparative analytical results with the methods and commercial nicotin 

 preparations are reported. 



Commercial turpentines: Their quality and methods for their examina- 

 tion, F. P. Veitch and M. G. Donk ( U. 8. Dept. Agr., Bur. Chcni. Bui. 135, pp. 

 46, fig. 1). — This bulletin, in addition to proposing and describing improved 

 and simplified methods for the analyses and testing of turpentines, shows the 

 txtent to which turpentine is adulterated (most commonly with petroleum 

 oil), indicates the losses undergone by turpentine farmers, and presents other 

 data. 



It was noted that turpentines which had not been adulterated, in the sense 

 that nothing had been added to or removed from them, showed great varia- 

 tions upon analysis. This was particularly the case with old turpentines. 

 Where adulteration was discovered in the turpentine belt it was mostly in 

 goods in the hands of the primary buyers and dealers, the samples from the 

 producers being only occasionally adulterated. The adulteration, however, 

 was greatest outside the turpentine belt. Standard samples obtained from 

 authentic sources were found to be far from uniform in regard to color. 



«Chem. Ztg., 25 (1901). No. 57, p. 610. 



^Bul. Sci. Pharmacol., 16 (1909), No. 1, pp. 7-14. 



