72 EXPEBIMENT STATION RECORD. 



The Odenwalder cattle, DrNKELBERO [Dent. Lnmhv. Tierzucht, 15 {1911), 

 No. 11, pp. 125-128, figs. //). — The value of this breed of cattle is pointed out, 

 and the methods of management in its native district are discussed. 



Cattle breeders' associations in Denmark, F. Rasmussen ( U. 8. Dept. Agr., 

 Bur. Anim. Indus. Bid. 129, pp. J/O, pis. 2). — This contains a brief history of 

 the Danish cattle industry and the plan and organization of cattle breeders' 

 associations, with special reference to their usefulness to the dairy industry. 

 The metliod of judging bulls at shows, the market prices of bulls and condi- 

 tions of transfer, and other matters of interest to daii-yinen are given. The 

 ajipendix contains the by-laws for cattle breeders' associations under common 

 management on the island of Funen, the law relating to institutions for the 

 promotion of the breeding and keeping of domestic animals, and the form of 

 contract used in the purchase of bulls. 



Uniformity of growth in calves, A. GouiN and P. Andouard {Compt. Reiid. 

 Soc. Biol. [Pflv/.s], 10 iJnil), No: 11, pp. ////5--'///7).— The percentages of nitro- 

 gen and phosphoric acid retained in the body increased with the age of the calf, 

 whereas the daily increase in weight did not change materially with the age. 



Raising- beef cattle in Alabama, D. T. Gray and AV. F. Ward (Alabama Col. 

 Sta. Bui. 150, pp. 3~2-'f, figs. 5). — This is a discussion of the advantages of the 

 South as a beef-producing region, and a report of a test made by the station in 

 cooperation with the Bureau of Animal Industry of this Department to test the 

 cost of raising grade Angus steers to the feed-lot period under southern condi- 

 tions. During the summer months no feed was given in addition to the pas- 

 ture, which consisted principally of white clover, Bermuda, and Lespedeza. 

 In addition to the winter range, hay and cotton seed were fed. The hay con- 

 sisted of a mixture of sorghum, crab grass, Johnson gii-ass, and cowpeas, and 

 was not of good quality. Green sorghum was used for several days at one 

 time to supplement a short pasture. 



During the summer the calves made an average daily gain of 1.24 lbs. each, 

 the yearlings 1.22 lbs. each, while with the older stock the gains were not so 

 large. During the winter the calves gained 0.2!) lb. per day, while the yearlings 

 and older stock lost in weight. "An average of the whole year shows that the 

 calves made a daily gain of 0.77 lb. or a total gain of 276 lbs. per head. The 

 yearlings made a daily gain of 0.564 lb. per head, or a total of 203 lbs. for the 

 12 months. A gain of 170 lbs. per head, or a daily gain of 0.47 lb., was made 

 by the cattle while they were increasing from 24 months to 30 months in age, 

 while 136 lbs., or 0.4 lb. per head per day, was made by the animals while they 

 were increasing in age from 24 to 33 months." 



The cost per hundredweight of raising a steer, when the manure received no 

 credit, was estimated as follows: To 12 months of age $5.07, to 24 months of 

 age $4.84, to 30 months of age $4.95, and to 33 months of age $4.90. It is 

 stated that these gains might be made cheaper if the cattle had been free from 

 ticks and a combination of clover and Bermuda pasture had been used to 

 lengthen the pasture season. 



Wintering steers in Alabama. — Fattening cattle on pasture in Alabama, 

 D. T. Gray and W. F. Ward (Alabama Col. Sta. Bui. 151, pp. 25-63, figs. 16).— 

 Continuing the work noted above, the object of the experiments reported in this 

 t»ulletin was to test the methods of finishing steers after they had reached the 

 feed-lot period. The stock used were grades containing Angus, Shorthorn, 

 Hereford, and Red Polled blood, and many with a predominance of Jersey and 

 scrub breeding. The summer pasture consisted of a mixture of sweet clover, 

 Japan clover, Jdhnson grass, and some Bermuda. The winter range consisted 

 ^of the winter corn and cotton fields. 



