VETERINABY MEDICINE. 170 



tlon of rooms, books, clothes, etc., and the disinfection of water with ultra- 

 violet rays. 



The biological standardization of drugs, W. Hale {Amcr. Jour. I'Jiarm., 

 83 {1911), 'No. 3, pp. 97-111). — This article considers the various methods util- 

 ized for standardizing drugs, but has particular reference to digitalis, stro- 

 phanthus, and ergot. 



In regard to the reaction of the urine from domestic animals, H. ^NltJLLER 

 {Beitrdge zur Rcaktion des Hams dcr Haussiiugcticre. Innug. Diss., Giessen, 

 1910, pp. 35; abs. in Zcntbl. Gcfam. Physiol, v. Path. Stofficechsels, n. ser., 5 

 {1910), No 22, p. 857). — The urine of carnivorous animals, according to the 

 author, is not as often acid in reaction as is generally supposed. 



In the case of starved animals the urine is not characterized by aciditj', nor 

 do carnivorous animals which are fed on a vegetable diet necessarily yield a 

 urine alkaline in reaction. It was found, however, that the reaction of the 

 urine from' herbivorous animals can be changed much quicker than that of 

 carnivorous animals. Carnivorous animals affected with cystitis yield an alka- 

 line urine, while herbivorous animals having marked affections of the ali- 

 mentary tract, pharyngitis, inieuuionia, or muscular rheumatism, yield an 

 acid urine. 



Diazo reaction of the urine of domestic animals, A. Janssen ( Uher Diazo- 

 reaJciionen hci Uaustiercn. Inaiig. Diss., (Jicsscn, 1910, pp. 29; ahs. in Zentbl. 

 Gesam. Physiol, u. Path. Stofficechsels, n. ser., 5 {1910), No. 22, p. 858).— The 

 diazo reaction of the urine, according to the author, does not appear so con- 

 stantly in animals as it does in man, but where it is present it has the same 

 significance. It was not present in most of the febrile diseases of domestic 

 animals. As in man, the reaction can be obtained when administering certain 

 drugs. 



Some experiments on the solubility of gases in ox blood and ox serum, A. 

 FiNDLAY and H. J. M. Cbeighton {Bio-Chem. Jour., 5 {1911), No. 6-7, pp. 294- 

 305, figs. S). — " The solubility of oxygen, carbon dioxid, carbon monoxid, nitrous 

 oxid, and nitrogen in ox blood and ox serum has been determined at a tempera- 

 ture of 25° and under pressures varying from TOO to 1,400 mm. The solubility 

 of oxygen, carbon monoxid, and carbon dioxid in blood, and of carbon dioxid 

 in serum, is greater than in water; the solubility of nitrogen and nitrous 

 oxid in blood and in serum, and of oxygen and carbon monoxid in serum, is 

 less than in water. Where the solubility is increased, the solubility curves 

 fall with increasing pressure; where the solubility is diminished, the solu- 

 bility curve rises with increase of pressure. The increased absorption of 

 oxygen, carbon monoxid, and carbon dioxid in blood, and of carbon dioxid 

 in serum, is to be ascribed in the main to chemical combination. In the cases 

 of diminished solubility, the rise in the solubility curve is to be ascribed to 

 adsorption." 



Peptolytic substances and immune bodies in the blood, G. B. Gruber 

 {Ztschr. Immunitaisf. u. Expt. Ther., I, Orig., 7 {1910), No. 6, pp. 762-777, figs. 

 4). — The results show that by injecting proteins the production of peptolytic 

 bodies in the blood serum which have no relation to the hemoglobin is induced. 



Precipitins, hemolysins, and agglutinins are produced independent of the pep- 

 tolytic ferments. Peptoljtic ferments and immune bodies can occur at the same 

 time, but are distinctly different substances. The results further show that 

 peptolytic ferments occur in markedly emaciated rabbits, even when no injec- 

 tions of proteins are made or when the animal is treated with trypanosomes. 

 Peptolytic substances also occur when the animal is required to take protein 

 foods in different forms than It has been in the habit of taking. Peptolytict, 

 ferments further occur in cachectic human patients afflicted with tumors. 



